美国法院宣布对 Tornado Cash加密货币混合器的制裁非法
继美国第五巡回法院周二裁定财政部批准 Tornado Cash的不可变智能trac越权后，加密货币行业又取得了重大胜利。法院裁定自主软件不能归类为财产。
负责此案的三名法官小组于 11 月 26 日裁定，智能trac是不可变的，因此根据《国际紧急经济权力法》(IEEPA)，任何实体或个人都不拥有或控制这些智能合约。
法官们表示，根据现行法规，智能trac不能被归类为受制裁的财产。法院认为财政部对加密货币混合器的制裁非法，并且超越了国会defi的权力。
三名法官组成的小组规则 OFAC 在制裁 Tornado Cash超出了其权力
1/ 今天，美国第五巡回上诉法院对该软件用户提起的 Tornado Cash案件（Van Loon 诉 Treasury）作出裁决，裁定“不可变的智能trac（支持隐私的软件代码行）是不是外国人或实体的‘财产’。” https://t.co/G0vkoYzt8O
—区块链协会 (@BlockchainAssn) 2024 年 11 月 27 日
The panel said the Office of Foreign Assets Control (OFAC) exceeded its authority in sanctioning Tornado Cash’s immutable smart contracts. It reversed a lower court’s decision granting the platform’s users a partial summary judgment.
Bill Hughes, a lawyer at Consensys, issued a detailed summary of the court’s ruling, indicating that the immutable smart contracts are nothing more than lines of code. Hughes also wrote that smart contracts are less like a “service” and more like a tool that is used in performing a service.
Hughes said the case will now proceed to the district court and emphasized that the new court judgment does not affect the crypto mixer’s blocked status.
“District court is handed back the case, with the idea that it has to decide the merits again while applying the law as the Fifth Circuit now says it applies, i.e., that the immutable contracts can’t be added to the sanctions list. It probably changes nothing else with TornadoCash being otherwise designated as blocked.”
– Bill Hughes
Paul Grewal, Coinbase’s Chief Legal Officer, wrote that the decision to block open source technology because of a small number of its malicious users is not what the U.S. Congress authorized.
Tornado Cash sanctioned by the U.S. Treasury for money laundering allegations
Tornado Cash found itself in the jaws of regulators in 2022 after the U.S. Treasury sanctioned the protocol. The Treasury alleged that the protocol laundered more than $7 billion worth of digital assets between 2019 and 2022. The U.S. Treasury published a public statement saying that crypto mixers that facilitate criminal activities threaten U.S. national security.
The United States Treasury Department added more than 40 crypto wallet addresses allegedly connected to Tornado Cash to the Specially Designated Nationals list of the Office of Foreign Asset Control (OFAC).
However, six Tornado Cash users, led by Joseph Van Loon, sued the Treasury with the support of Coinbase. The plaintiff claimed that the Treasury’s addition of 44 Tornado Cash smart contract addresses to the Specially Designated Nationals (SDN) list was not in accordance with the law.
In October, U.S.-based crypto policy advocacy group Coin Center filed a lawsuit against OFAC for sanctioning the crypto mixer. However, a Texas federal court judge ruled in favor of the U.S. Treasury that Tornado Cash was “an entity that may be subject to OFAC regulations. The plaintiffs appealed the judge’s decision and extended the case.
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