Euro consolidates below mid-1.1400s as Hormuz risks support safe-haven USD
- EUR/USD consolidates during the Asian session as traders reassess Fed and ECB outlook.
- Hormuz risks offer some support to the safe-haven USD and cap the upside for spot prices.
- Traders look to second-tier Eurozone data and the US ISM Services PMI for some impetus.
The EUR/USD pair kicks off the new week on a subdued note and oscillates in a narrow band below mid-1.1400s during the Asian session. Spot prices, however, remain within striking distance of a nearly two-week high, touched last Thursday, amid mixed fundamental cues.
Despite a fragile US-Iran interim agreement, tensions surrounding the Strait of Hormuz remain elevated as Iran seeks to tighten control over the strategic waterway. This keeps the geopolitical risk premium in play and offers some support to the safe-haven US Dollar (USD), which, in turn, is seen acting as a headwind for the EUR/USD pair.
The USD bulls, however, seem hesitant amid reduced bets for interest rate hikes by the US Federal Reserve (Fed) following the release of rather unimpressive US jobs data last week. In fact, the closely-watched US Nonfarm Payrolls (NFP) report showed that the economy added only 57K new jobs in June, compared to the 110K expected.
Adding to this, the previous month's reading was revised down from 172K to 129K, while the Unemployment Rate edged lower to 4.2% in June. This comes on top of easing inflation fears in the face of the recent slump in Crude Oil prices and shifted market expectations from one to two Fed rate increases in 2026 to between zero and one hike.
This, along with a generally positive tone around the equity markets, keeps a lid on any meaningful appreciation for the USD and should limit the downside for the EUR/USD pair. Meanwhile, softer Eurozone inflation data forced investors to reduce bets on further European Central Bank (ECB) rate hikes, warranting caution for aggressive bulls.
Monday's economic docket features German Factory Orders, Eurozone Sentix Investor Confidence, the monthly Producer Price Index (PPI), and Retail Sales. Later during the early North American session, the release of the US ISM Services PMI, along with speeches from influential FOMC members, could provide some impetus to the EUR/USD pair.
Euro FAQs
The Euro is the currency for the 20 European Union countries that belong to the Eurozone. It is the second most heavily traded currency in the world behind the US Dollar. In 2022, it accounted for 31% of all foreign exchange transactions, with an average daily turnover of over $2.2 trillion a day. EUR/USD is the most heavily traded currency pair in the world, accounting for an estimated 30% off all transactions, followed by EUR/JPY (4%), EUR/GBP (3%) and EUR/AUD (2%).
The European Central Bank (ECB) in Frankfurt, Germany, is the reserve bank for the Eurozone. The ECB sets interest rates and manages monetary policy. The ECB’s primary mandate is to maintain price stability, which means either controlling inflation or stimulating growth. Its primary tool is the raising or lowering of interest rates. Relatively high interest rates – or the expectation of higher rates – will usually benefit the Euro and vice versa. The ECB Governing Council makes monetary policy decisions at meetings held eight times a year. Decisions are made by heads of the Eurozone national banks and six permanent members, including the President of the ECB, Christine Lagarde.
Eurozone inflation data, measured by the Harmonized Index of Consumer Prices (HICP), is an important econometric for the Euro. If inflation rises more than expected, especially if above the ECB’s 2% target, it obliges the ECB to raise interest rates to bring it back under control. Relatively high interest rates compared to its counterparts will usually benefit the Euro, as it makes the region more attractive as a place for global investors to park their money.
Data releases gauge the health of the economy and can impact on the Euro. Indicators such as GDP, Manufacturing and Services PMIs, employment, and consumer sentiment surveys can all influence the direction of the single currency. A strong economy is good for the Euro. Not only does it attract more foreign investment but it may encourage the ECB to put up interest rates, which will directly strengthen the Euro. Otherwise, if economic data is weak, the Euro is likely to fall. Economic data for the four largest economies in the euro area (Germany, France, Italy and Spain) are especially significant, as they account for 75% of the Eurozone’s economy.
Another significant data release for the Euro is the Trade Balance. This indicator measures the difference between what a country earns from its exports and what it spends on imports over a given period. If a country produces highly sought after exports then its currency will gain in value purely from the extra demand created from foreign buyers seeking to purchase these goods. Therefore, a positive net Trade Balance strengthens a currency and vice versa for a negative balance.
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