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FACTBOX-Key elements of EU-US trade deal

ReutersJul 28, 2025 10:38 AM

- The United States and the European Union agreed on a framework trade deal, ending months of uncertainty for industries and consumers on both sides of the Atlantic.

Here are the main elements of the deal:

Almost all EU goods entering the U.S. will be subject to a 15% baseline tariff, including cars, which currently face 27.5%, as well as semiconductors and pharmaceuticals. The 15% tariff is the maximum tariff and is not added to any existing rates.

The U.S. is to announce the result of its 232 trade investigations in a few weeks and decide on tariff rates for the sectors under investigation. But the EU-U.S. deal already secures a 15% tariff for European chips and pharmaceuticals, so the results of the investigations will not change that, U.S. officials said. It is not yet clear, however, if the same 15% rate has been set for timber and copper, which are also under U.S. 232 investigation.

The U.S. and EU will have zero-for-zero tariffs on all aircraft and their components, certain chemicals, certain generic drugs, semiconductor equipment, some agricultural products, natural resources and critical raw materials. More products would be added.

The situation for wine and spirits - a point of friction on both sides of the Atlantic - is still to be established.

Tariffs on European steel and aluminium will stay at 50%, but European Commission President Ursula von der Leyen said these would later be cut and replaced by a quota system.

The EU pledged to make $750 billion in strategic purchases, covering oil, gas, nuclear, fuel and chips during U.S. President Donald Trump's term in office.
The EU pledged to buy U.S. military equipment.

European companies are to invest $600 billion in the U.S. over the course of Trump's second term. Unlike Japan’s package - which Tokyo says will consist of equity, loans and guarantees from state-run agencies of up to $550 billion to be invested at Trump's discretion - EU officials said the Europe's $600 billion investment pledge is based on private sector projects already in the pipeline.

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