Cisco Systems Inc

Cisco Systems, Inc. is an American multinational corporation specializing in digital communications technology, headquartered in San Jose, California. Cisco develops, manufactures, and sells a wide range of networking hardware, software, telecommunications equipment, and various high-technology services and products. The company focuses on specific technology sectors, including the Internet of Things, domain security, videoconferencing, and energy management, with notable products such as Webex, OpenDNS, Jabber, Duo Security, Silicon One, and Jasper.

Founded in December 1984 by Leonard Bosack and Sandy Lerner, two computer scientists from Stanford University who played a crucial role in connecting computers at the institution, Cisco pioneered the use of local area networks to link distant computers through a multiprotocol router system. The company went public in 1990, and by the end of the dot-com bubble in 2000, it achieved a market valuation of $500 billion, making it the world's most valuable company at that time, surpassing Microsoft.

Cisco's stock has been traded on Nasdaq(NYSE: CSCO) since 1990, was incorporated into the Dow Jones Industrial Average on June 8, 2009, and is also part of the S&P 500, Nasdaq-100, Russell 1000, and Russell 1000 Growth Stock indices.