IPG 포토닉스(IPGP) 2026년 3분기 실적 발표 전화회의: 매출 15% 증가, 첨단 솔루션 33% 성장

IPG 포토닉스(NASDAQ: IPGP)가 2026년 3분기에 4분기 연속 두 자릿수 매출 성장을 기록했다고 발표했다. 용접, 반도체, 국방 응용 분야가 성장을 이끌었으며, 경영진의 4분기 전망에는 중국의 배터리 설비 증설 둔화 흐름이 반영되었다.

핵심 요약

• 3분기 매출은 산업 솔루션과 첨단 솔루션 부문이 모두 성장에 기여하며 전년 동기 대비 15%, 전 분기 대비 3% 증가한 2억 8,800만 달러를 기록했다.
• 산업 솔루션 매출은 용접 및 적층 제조 분야에 힘입어 전년 동기 대비 12% 증가했다. 첨단 솔루션 매출은 주로 국방 및 반도체 응용 분야의 성장에 따라 전년 동기 대비 33%, 전 분기 대비 15% 증가했다.
• 조정 총이익률은 약 170bp의 상승 효과를 가져온 500만 달러의 관세 환급 순이익을 포함해 41%를 기록했다. 조정 주당순이익(EPS)은 0.61달러, 조정 EBITDA는 5,200만 달러를 기록했다.
• 반도체 응용 분야 매출은 전년 동기 대비 2배 이상 증가했다. IPG는 주요 최상위 웨이퍼 장비 제조업체 다수에서 차세대 노광, 계측 및 검사 장비용 공급 자격을 획득했다고 밝혔다.
• 수주대출하비율(Book-to-bill)은 약 1을 기록했다. 경영진은 대부분의 시장에서 견조한 수요가 이어지고 있으나, 단기적으로 중국의 배터리 설비 증설은 둔화될 것으로 예상했다.
• 2026년 4분기 경영진 가이던스로 매출 2억 6,500만~2억 9,500만 달러, 조정 EPS 0.30~0.60달러를 제시했다. 해당 전망치에는 추진 중인 루미버드 메디컬(Lumibird Medical) 인수 관련 기여분은 포함되지 않았다.

주요 재무 실적

사업 및 영업 실적

산업 솔루션

산업 솔루션 매출은 전년 동기 대비 12%, 전 분기 대비 1% 증가했다. 배터리 제조, 일반 산업 시장 및 가전제품의 수요에 힘입어 용접 분야가 주된 성장 동력 역할을 했다.

경영진은 자사의 배터리 용접 솔루션이 전기차 및 데이터 센터용 인프라를 포함한 고정식 에너지 저장 장치(ESS)를 지원한다고 설명했다. 다만 수 분기 동안 호조세를 보인 이후 중국의 배터리 설비 증설이 단기적으로 일부 둔화되는 양상이 나타나고 있다.

고객사들이 항공우주, 의료기기, 가전제품 분야에서 IPG의 빔 셰이핑 및 멀티 빔 기술을 도입함에 따라 적층 제조 부문도 성장했다. 회사는 유럽에서 신규 사업을 수주했으며, 경영진은 이것이 2027년 적층 제조 매출에 유의미하게 기여할 것으로 기대하고 있다.

절단 분야는 산업 솔루션 내 비중이 줄어들었다. 경영진은 2027년과 2028년에 잠재적 기회가 있을 것으로 보면서도, 절단 분야에서 유의미한 성장을 기대하지는 않는다고 밝혔다.

첨단 솔루션

첨단 솔루션 매출은 전년 동기 대비 33%, 전 분기 대비 15% 증가했다. 반도체 및 국방 응용 분야가 주요 기여 요인이었다.

반도체 매출은 전년 동기 대비 2배 이상 증가했다. IPG는 GPU, 고성능 컴퓨팅, 고대역폭 메모리용 첨단 공정에 대한 투자가 수요를 견인했다고 설명했다. 경영진은 기존 디자인 윈의 양산이 확대되고 회사가 고객의 차세대 프로그램에 참여함에 따라 시간이 지남에 따라 반도체 사업이 첨단 솔루션에서 차지하는 비중이 더욱 커질 것으로 기대하고 있다.

국방 매출은 록히드 마틴으로부터 수주한 크로스보우(CROSSBOW) 지향성 에너지 시스템 물량 대부분의 출하에 힘입어 수혜를 입었다. 잔여 물량은 4분기에 출하될 예정이다. IPG는 추가 기회를 모색하고 있으며, 사거리가 더 길고 더 큰 드론에 대응할 수 있는 CROSSBOW SE를 출시해 제품군을 확장했다.

의료 매출은 신제품 및 신규 고객의 양산이 시작되면서 전년 동기 대비 소폭 증가했고 전 분기 대비로는 크게 개선되었다. 소모품 분야도 호조를 보였다. 경영진은 기존 의료 사업이 향후 2~3년 내에 2배로 성장할 수 있다는 전망을 재확인했다.

IPG는 4분기에 루미버드 메디컬 인수를 완료할 것으로 예상하고 있다. 경영진은 이번 인수로 의료 관련 전체 잠재시장(TAM)이 20억 달러 이상으로 확대되고 안과 및 비뇨기과 분야에서 선도적 입지를 확보하게 되며, 2027년부터 주당순이익 증대 효과가 나타날 것이라고 밝혔다.

지역별 실적

• 북미: 용접 및 국방 분야가 성장을 이끌었으며 의료, 세정, 절단, 적층 제조 분야의 전 분기 대비 기여가 더해져 매출이 전년 동기 대비 33%, 전 분기 대비 14% 증가했다.
• 유럽: 매출이 전년 동기 대비 1% 감소했으나 전 분기 대비로는 4% 증가했다. 연간 절단 및 용접 매출 감소는 적층 제조 및 반도체 분야의 성장으로 일부 상쇄되었다.
• 아시아: 주로 용접 분야의 성장을 반영하여 매출이 전년 동기 대비 14% 증가했고 전 분기 대비로는 보합세를 보였다.

경영진 가이던스

경영진은 4분기에 유의미한 관세 환급 혜택이 없을 것으로 보고 있다. 또한 이번 가이던스에는 루미버드 메디컬의 기여분이 포함되지 않았다.

팀 매먼 최고재무책임자(CFO)는 관세 환급을 제외하면 약 39%의 조정 총이익률이 합리적인 단기 기준점이라고 말했다. 그는 또한 고출력 다이오드, 제품 폼 팩터 소형화, 제조 효율성 및 가동률 개선을 통해 2027년에는 더욱 유의미한 총이익률 개선을 이룰 수 있을 것이라고 덧붙였다.

리스크 및 관전 포인트

• 수 분기 동안의 호조 이후 중국의 배터리 설비 증설이 둔화되면서 단기 역풍으로 작용하고 있으며, 이는 4분기 가이던스에 이미 반영되어 있다.
• 크로스보우(CROSSBOW) 주문 및 출하가 불규칙하게 일어날 수 있어 국방 매출은 불균등하게 유지될 수 있다.
• 3분기 수익성은 500만 달러의 관세 환급 순이익 혜택을 받았으나, 4분기 가이던스에는 이러한 혜택이 유의미하게 반복되지 않을 것으로 가정했다.
• 고정비 흡수율 감소가 전년 동기 대비 이익률에 부담을 주었으며, 경영진은 수백 베이시스 포인트(bp) 규모의 잠재적 개선을 향한 진전이 여전히 완만하게 이루어지고 있다고 밝혔다.
• 루미버드 메디컬 인수 거래가 아직 완료되지 않았으므로 4분기 가이던스에는 인수 관련 기여가 포함되지 않았다.
• IPG가 다수의 성장 이니셔티브에 지속적으로 투자함에 따라 영업비용은 소폭 증가할 것으로 예상된다.

애널리스트 Q&A 주요 내용

경영진은 단기적인 중국 배터리 설비 증설 약세에도 불구하고 다른 시장 및 지역의 수요에 힘입어 전체 수주대출하비율(Book-to-bill)이 약 1 수준을 유지했다고 밝혔다.

첨단 솔루션 부문과 관련하여, IPG는 대형 국방 주문 사이에 공백이 발생할 가능성에도 불구하고 반도체, 의료 및 국방 분야의 기회가 장기적인 성장을 뒷받침할 것으로 기대하고 있다. 특히 반도체 디자인 윈은 고객 플랫폼에 지속적으로 탑재되어 시간이 지남에 따라 점진적으로 누적될 수 있어 매력적인 것으로 평가받는다.

이익률과 관련하여 경영진은 관세 환급이 없었다면 3분기 조정 총이익률이 약 39.3%였을 것이라고 설명했다. 4분기 가이던스 중간값인 38.5%는 주로 예상 매출 감소와 환급 혜택 부재를 반영한 결과다.

경영진은 의료, 국방, 반도체, 미세 가공, 용접 및 적층 제조를 주요 성장 이니셔티브로 꼽았다. 자체 성장을 위한 유기적 투자가 자본 배분의 최우선 순위로 유지되는 가운데, 절제된 보트온 인수 및 자사주 매입이 보완될 예정이다. IPG는 현재 자사주 매입 한도 중 1억 달러의 잔여 금액을 보유하고 있다.

IPG는 2027년 3월 2일 뉴욕에서 인베스터 데이를 개최할 계획이며, 이 자리에서 경영진은 심도 있는 전략 검토 및 장기 재무 목표를 공유할 예정이다.

실적 발표 컨퍼런스 콜 전문

전체 실적 발표 컨퍼런스 콜 녹취록

경영진 발표

Operator

Good morning, and welcome to IPG Photonics Third Quarter 2026 Conference Call. Today's call is being recorded and webcast. At this time, I'd like to turn the call over to your host, Eugene Fedotoff, IPG's Senior Director, Investor Relations, for introductions. Please go ahead with your conference.

Eugene Fedotoff

Thank you, and good morning, everyone. With me today is IPG Photonics CEO, Dr. Mark Gitin; and Senior Vice President and CFO, Tim Mammen. On today's call, Mark will provide a summary of our third quarter results as well as the overview of demand environment and then walk you through the progress we are making on our long-term strategy. After that, he will turn it over to Tim to provide financial details.

Let me remind you that statements made during this call that discuss our expectations or predictions of the future are forward-looking statements. These forward-looking statements are subject to risks and uncertainties that could cause the company's actual results to differ materially from those projected in these forward-looking statements. These risks and uncertainties are detailed in our Form 10-K for the period ended December 31, 2025, and other reports filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission. Any forward-looking statements made on this call are the company's expectations or predictions as of today, November 1, 2026, only, and the company assumes no obligation to publicly release any updates or revisions to any such statements.

During this call, we will be referencing certain non-GAAP measures. For more information on how we find these non-GAAP measures and a reconciliation of such measures to the most directly comparable GAAP measures as well as additional details on our reported results, please refer to the earnings press release, earnings call presentation and the financial data workbook posted on our Investor Relations website. We will also post these prepared remarks on our website after this call.

With that, I'll now turn the call over to Mark.

Mark Gitin

Thanks, Eugene. Good morning, everyone. Our third quarter revenue increased 15% year-over-year making it the fourth consecutive quarter of double-digit revenue growth with both Industrial Solutions and Advanced Solutions contributing to the results. Our adjusted EBITDA and adjusted EPS also improved. This reflects continued progress in executing our strategy, driving sustainable, profitable growth through technological leadership, product innovation, operational excellence and disciplined capital allocation.

Customers continue to adopt our differentiated solutions across several strategic growth markets. We saw strong growth in our Industrial Solutions particularly in welding applications, where our laser technology, beam delivery, process monitoring and applications expertise provide meaningful competitive advantages. We remain focused on helping customers improve productivity, quality and manufacturing economics to advanced laser-based integrated solutions. We've also made good progress in advanced solutions driving our laser and photonics technologies into attractive high-growth markets.

Let's look more closely at revenue by application and the meaningful progress we are making in our strategic growth initiatives. Starting with Industrial Solutions. Revenue increased 12% year-over-year, driven by strong growth in welding and additive manufacturing applications. Across these and other markets, we are strengthening our leadership by expanding laser adoption, displacing incumbent technologies and moving up the value chain with differentiated subsystem and system solutions. Our welding revenue benefited from higher demand in battery manufacturing, general industrial and consumer electronics in the third quarter.

The production of advanced batteries for electric vehicles and stationary energy storage systems involves a range of demanding welding requirements that significantly impact battery performance, safety and manufacturing efficiency. Our solutions are critical for high-capacity battery applications used in energy storage, supporting global electrification and growing energy infrastructure build-out, including for data centers. We are a leader in this space and are excited about the long-term trajectory for battery growth.

At the same time, we are encouraged by the strong growth in our welding solutions in other areas such as consumer electronics and industrial markets. In additive manufacturing, we saw increasing momentum as customers continue to adopt this technology for industries such as aerospace, medical device manufacturing and consumer electronics. Our beam shaping and multi-beam technologies, high-beam stability and applications expertise are delivering improvements in throughput and cost per part. This quarter, we secured new business in Europe that we expect to meaningfully contribute to our additive manufacturing revenue in 2027.

Moving to Advanced Solutions. Revenue improved 33% year-over-year and 15% sequentially as we continue to expand our technology leadership into attractive, high-growth markets focusing on medical, defense, semiconductor and micro-machining. Revenue growth in semiconductor and defense applications were the major drivers behind our results this quarter. In semiconductor applications, revenue continued to accelerate and more than double year-over-year. As device complexity increases and feature size decreases, semiconductor manufacturers are investing in advanced process technologies to meet growing demand for GPUs, high-performance computing and high-bandwidth memory. With our differentiated laser solutions, we are a critical supplier to a number of top-tier wafer equipment manufacturers where we are qualified for the next-generation lithography, metrology and inspection tools.

Defense revenue was also a large contributor in the year-over-year growth in Advanced Solutions in the third quarter as we ship most of the Lockheed Martin order for CROSSBOW. The remaining shipments will be delivered in the fourth quarter, and we are actively pursuing multiple additional opportunities. We remain encouraged by customer engagement and the growing recognition of our expanded portfolio of CROSSBOW directed energy systems as an effective, ready to ship and cost-efficient solution for countering evolving UAS threats.

While this market remains in its early stages and revenue can be lumpy in the short term, we believe our technology leadership decades of directed energy laser expertise and commercial laser and systems manufacturing capabilities enable us to establish leading positions in these opportunities. Moving to Medical. Our business continued to perform well during the quarter, supported by strong customer demand, new product shipments and ongoing adoption of our technologies across multiple applications. We are building on our long history of medical innovation and laser expertise by expanding our leading thulium fiber laser platform, with next-generation systems for urology applications.

Last quarter, we announced the acquisition of Lumibird Medical, an important milestone in the execution of our strategy to expand our business in attractive high-margin medical markets. The addition of Lumibird Medical creates a scaled medical laser platform with leading positions in ophthalmology and urology, expands our medical addressable market to more than $2 billion, enhances our Advanced Solutions portfolio and strengthens our long-term growth and profitability profile. The acquisition is expected to close in the fourth quarter. We are pleased with the initial integration planning and preparation and are excited about the long-term opportunities to leverage our complementary technologies, applications expertise, commercial capabilities and innovative culture to drive future value creation. I look forward to working with the Lumibird Medical team to accelerate growth and innovation across our medical business.

In summary, we achieved another quarter of double-digit year-over-year growth, above the midpoint of our guidance range. Customer demand for our unique solutions has strengthened across most markets. Orders also remained strong with book-to-bill of approximately 1. We continue to make meaningful progress on our strategic objectives, delivering profitable growth and creating sustained long-term shareholder value. Finally, I'm pleased to announce that we plan to host Investor Day on Tuesday, March 2, 2027, in New York City. We look forward to sharing a deeper review of our strategy and long-term financial targets. Details will be announced soon. Please mark your calendars and plan to join us for this event.

With that, I will now turn the call over to Tim.

Timothy P.V. Mammen

Thank you, Mark, and good morning, everyone. My comments will generally follow the earnings call presentation, which is available on our Investor Relations website. I will start with revenue trends by application on Slide 4. Industrial Solutions revenue increased 12% year-over-year and 1% sequentially in the third quarter, driven by growth in welding and additive manufacturing applications. Advanced Solutions revenue increased 33% year-over-year and 15% sequentially on strong growth in defense and semiconductor applications. Sales of our emerging growth products accounted for 52% and of our total revenue in the third quarter, down from 58% in the prior quarter due to product mix.

Moving to revenue performance by region on Slide 5. North American revenue was up 14% sequentially due to increased sales in defense, medical, cleaning, cutting and additive manufacturing. Revenue increased 33% compared with last year, primarily on growth in welding and defense applications. European sales declined 1% year-over-year due to lower cutting and welding revenue, partially offset by increased revenue in additive manufacturing and semiconductor applications. Revenue was up 4% sequentially, driven by improved cutting and welding revenue as well as continued growth in semiconductor applications.

Revenue in Asia was flat sequentially and increased 14% year-over-year, driven by growth in welding.

Moving to a detailed review of financial performance on Slide 6. Total revenue was $288 million, up 15% year-over-year and 3% sequentially. Foreign currency benefited revenue by approximately 1% this quarter compared to the same period in the prior year. GAAP gross margin was 40.7%, and adjusted gross margin was 41%, above the top end of our guidance range. We recorded a $5 million net benefit from tariff refunds that had a positive impact on gross margin of approximately 170 basis points in the quarter. Lower cost of products sold helped margins in the quarter, was offset by lower fixed cost absorption on a year-over-year basis due to a significant build in inventory last year. Total adjusted operating expenses were $91 million, below our guidance range. While we are focused on controlling expenses, we still expect operating expenses to increase modestly going forward due to our continued investments in multiple growth opportunities.

GAAP operating income in the quarter was $21 million, and GAAP net income was $20 million or $0.40 -- $0.47 per diluted share. Adjusted operating income was $27 million, and adjusted net income was $26 million, with adjusted earnings per diluted share of $0.61. Adjusted EBITDA was $52 million. Both adjusted EPS and adjusted EBITDA came in at the top end of our expectations but also benefited from the $5 million in net tariff refunds. Excluding the tariff refund, both adjusted EBITDA and adjusted EPS improved year-over-year and sequentially and were above the midpoint of our guidance.

Moving to a summary of our balance sheet and cash flow statement on Slide 7. We ended the quarter with $926 million in cash, cash equivalents and short-term investments, with no debt. Cash flow from operations continued to improve, reaching $46 million in the third quarter. We spent $17 million on capital expenditures in the quarter, bringing year-to-date CapEx to $54 million. Our CapEx remains elevated this year due to investments in our major fiber manufacturing facility in Germany. Excluding the German investment, we expect CapEx to be at about 5% of revenue going forward.

Moving to our outlook on Slide 8. For the fourth quarter of 2026, we expect revenue of $265 million to $295 million. While we are seeing some moderation of battery capacity additions in China, after several strong quarters, we are very pleased with demand trends across other markets and regions, which are reflected in our book-to-bill of approximately 1. Adjusted gross margin is expected to be between 37% and 40% as we are not anticipating a meaningful benefit from tariff refunds. We estimate adjusted operating expenses in the range of $91 million to $94 million. For the fourth quarter, we expect to deliver adjusted earnings per diluted share in the range of $0.30 to $0.60, with approximately 43 million diluted common shares outstanding. Our adjusted EBITDA is expected to be between $33 million and $50 million. This guidance does not assume any contribution from the acquisition of Lumibird Medical.

In summary, we are pleased with our third quarter results, with growth in revenue and bookings as well as improvements in EBITDA and adjusted EPS. We believe that we are well positioned to continue improving our performance. We're seeing solid long-term demand trends across our markets and are gaining traction on initiatives to expand margins even as we continue to invest in the growth opportunities ahead.

I'll now turn the call back to Mark.

Mark Gitin

Thanks, Tim. We are pleased with our performance through the first 3 quarters of the year, driven by growth in both Industrial and Advanced Solutions. Our recently announced acquisition of Lumibird Medical accelerates our strategic evolution and considerably expands our advanced solutions portfolio into higher growth and higher-margin medical applications. We continue to execute our growth strategy, supported by operational excellence and an innovation engine that unlocks significant areas of opportunity. As we continue along this path, I'm increasingly confident in our ability to achieve above-market growth, expand margins and deliver lasting value for our customers and shareholders.

With that, we will be happy to take your questions.

Operator

[Operator Instructions] Our first question comes from Ruben Roy with Stifel.

질의응답

Ruben Roy

Tim, let's start with the comment you made on moderation in battery capacity additions in China. You've had several strong quarters, as you mentioned. Can you start with maybe talking about welding or total revenue related to China battery today? And how much of that sort of slowdown is built into the midpoint for Q4? And I guess, sorry, one more on that is, would you say the book-to-bill was above 1 outside of the China battery moderation?

Mark Gitin

Yes, I'll take that, Ruben. Good to hear from you. So after strong growth over the last several quarters, we're seeing some moderation, as mentioned in the China battery capacity additions. We see that as a near-term effect. We're not breaking it out specifically, but we have factored this into the guidance for Q4. Longer term, we're excited about the growth opportunity. And we certainly still see a lot of capacity to be added there. We've talked about the market drivers there before, the electric vehicles, but also stationary storage, where that drives great electrification. Of course, data centers are a key driver there. And we have a very strong competitive position there with our technology solution. And as was mentioned in the prepared remarks, overall, we're seeing strong growth across most of our markets and regions, and that's giving us still a book-to-bill of 1.

Ruben Roy

Okay. Understood, Mark. On the Advanced Solutions, it sounds like you shipped most of the Lockheed across the order in Q3. You've got some coming up in Q4. Are you expecting a little bit of a gap? I know you mentioned this is a lumpy business, obviously. But how are you thinking about defense in general for the first half of '27? And I know you have other opportunities in semiconductor and medical. Do you think you'll see growth in Advanced Solutions despite potentially some lumpiness post the Lockheed orders?

Mark Gitin

Yes. So first of all, as you said, we did ship much of the Lockheed order in Q3. And I want to say also we're shipping from production. We're completing the rest of the shipments this quarter. As you mentioned and I did, it's lumpy but very attractive longer term. We're seeing continued strong customer engagement and pipeline there. I want to say also that if you didn't see, we did launch an extension of the product line, it's called the SE, and that has longer range and addresses longer -- larger drones as well. We're very excited, and we have very strong momentum on the customer side there and see good future there going forward.

As far as the rest of Advanced Solutions, we've talked about that. Semiconductor is a very strong area for us now. It's smaller, but it's growing quite fast. It doubled year-over-year. We have very good engagement with Tier 1 sub equipment players where we're being designed into their products, solving really key problems there. And that, of course, has the drive of data centers and AI, and that's an area I love also because the winds are sticky and they stack on each other over time. So that's a key one.

Medical, we've talked about urology, the urology platform and the growth that we're expecting there. New customer came on last year. We have a great platform for growth there. And remember, we've talked about that, that business doubling over the next 2 to 3 years. Medical is very strong. Of course, we're bringing Lumibird in, finishing that acquisition. We're really excited about what that will bring. The combination of the 2 brings some significant growth. And remember that Lumibird will be accretive in 2027 in the first year. There's new products that have already been announced, the first new product from Lumibird. So lots of exciting things going on there, in our Advanced area. So we're expecting growth in both our Advanced and our Industrial Solutions over time.

Ruben Roy

Okay. Just one more for Tim. On the gross margins, if we take out the tariff refunds in Q3, it looks like adjusted gross margins would have been around 39.3%. Your midpoint for fourth quarter is 38.5%. So can you talk about what accounts for the other 80 or so basis points lower on the gross margin? Is that mix absorption, et cetera? And is sort of the 39% level the right starting point to think about as you get into 2027?

Timothy P.V. Mammen

Yes. So your math is very good. I would say 39.3% is the adjusted excluding tariff. That reflects revenue that was [ $287 million ], right. So at the midpoint, our revenue is $280 million, and that actually -- the 38.5%, sorry, ties right in with what was reported on the third quarter Ruben. And yes, I'd say we're sort of more consistent here at this kind of like 39% range, and there's a tremendous amount of work that's continuing to be done in note -- 3 of the areas that I've talked about where it's optimizing the value of the product that we're delivering, continuing to get cost reductions with our new higher power diodes, which change in turn the form factor of the product, right? We're starting to roll those out more meaningfully.

And then there's a lot of work continuing on optimizing manufacturing efficiency, utilization, looking at lower cost areas to make some parts, and that we want to drive improved absorption we still see several hundred basis points of gain that we can get from that. So we're making good progress. It's a bit slow to get there, but I think we're starting to get to the point where more meaningful gains in gross margin should materialize in 2027.

Operator

Our next question comes from James Ricchiuti with Needham & Company.

James Ricchiuti

I wonder if you could -- you may have given it the medical growth in the quarter. How big a contributor was that to the overall growth in Advanced Solutions? Because as I recall, I think you were anticipating a pickup in the second half, maybe that's [indiscernible] the new customer.

Timothy P.V. Mammen

Medical increased slightly year-over-year but improved significantly sequentially, which would be the pickup in the second half. We're starting to see the ramp on some of the new product introductions and the new customer. The consumable business is also performing well, and we're expecting that, obviously, to continue into Q4 for both the hardware and the consumable. And then as Mark said that we expect medical to be a nice growth driver for Advanced Solutions next year, Jim. So yes, we're seeing that pick up in the second half of the year that we thought we would.

James Ricchiuti

Okay. Got it. And just on the Industrial Solutions, nice growth there. And I'm wondering, the bigger part of that I think, is still cutting, and correct me if I'm wrong, but what kind of growth did you see in cutting? I assume modest versus what you described in welding and additives. But maybe if you could frame that a little better for us.

Timothy P.V. Mammen

The main application is really welding these days that drives the underlying Industrial Solutions. There is still a cutting business there, but it's, we've said before, I think last year, less than 20% of total revenue. It's very small in China. The other main applications that are still material would be the additive manufacturing, which globally is doing quite well. That's both in Asia, Europe. And North America, we've had good performance out of that. We're continuing to get good traction and make progress on cleaning applications. There is actually a marking engraving business, which is still a reasonable size, that can perform well when different markets are stronger there. And then, yes, the cutting is a smaller part of the business and not one where we expect any meaningful growth on it, although we're actually defending our position there and have got some opportunities in '27 and '28 that could be a little bit more positive.

Mark Gitin

Just to remind you, Jim -- go ahead.

James Ricchiuti

No, I was just going to say that the growth that you saw in China was really driven for the most part welding and additive. And cutting, as you described this as a much solar part of the business, but that was really the driver. You showed pretty healthy growth. It looks like year-over-year in China.

Timothy P.V. Mammen

Yes, it's primarily welding. Additive manufacturing in China. Margin can be good at. The cutting is a small part of that business. The flat metal cutting is very small in China. .

James Ricchiuti

I'm sorry, Mark, go ahead. .

Mark Gitin

We covered it there.

Operator

Our next question comes from Scott Graham with Seaport Research Partners.

Scott Graham

So kind of like 140,000 footer free you. Mark, you got a better set of industrial -- general industrial end markets, obviously, certainly in the U.S., maybe not as much in Europe, but that's supposed to improve. I'm just wondering, with that general industrial being your sort of your largest vertical, how are you approaching getting customers to trade up to fine, right? You talk about a couple of elements of how the market may be starting to move up. But how are you showing a value proposition there? This is just a significant runway here for you guys on this. And it's just been very slow in the coming. So how are you approaching that?

Mark Gitin

Yes. So Scott, good to hear from you. Yes, we're very encouraged by the growth that we're seeing in the Industrial Solutions. Areas that we're seeing growth, Tim mentioned some of this. Certainly, we're seeing growth in welding, additive manufacturing, cleaning. Those are all areas that are strong and growing in the U.S. in that industrial space. On the welding, a lot of this comes down to the applications expertise. We are world experts in applications. We have a large number in the U.S., and globally, we have nearly 100 applications engineers. That piece is really critical, especially for welding, developing the key applications there. And then being able to get the solution to the customer, whether it's a laser or a subsystem or a system, is part of our growth expertise there. And that's on the whether it's welding, whether it's cleaning.

And then if you look at additive manufacturing, there, the customers are moving to additive manufacturing because we're helping to drive the cost per part. So if you look at additive manufacturing, we develop lasers with special modes. You've heard us talk about a ring mode and also with multiple outputs. When those are incorporated into the additive manufacturing systems, it drops the cost per part and allows expansion into new areas, where a lot of that started in areas of defense and aerospace. Now that's expanding into areas of medical devices and even into consumer electronics. So the application piece that we're working and then using that in really a virtuous cycle to drive the development of the lasers, subsystems and systems and being able to provide solutions to the customers is really what's driving our growth, and we'll continue to drive that at an outsized level.

Scott Graham

That's a very comprehensive answer. Just the other one was about inflation, and maybe this is more for you, Tim. What was pricing in the quarter? What was inflation? And how are you looking at that heading into 2027 with inflation so elevated, not just on materials, but also on freight?

Timothy P.V. Mammen

Yes. I mean, on freight, actually in term -- yes, let me step back a bit. There's always inflationary pressures every year that you have to deal with and you have to pay for, for example, merit increases. We got halfway through the year. So our costs actually went up a little bit in Q3 in relation to that. The material costs, 20% of our revenue is on material. So you have to deal with the inflationary cost there. We actually have a couple of things that we look at. We're obviously looking at how we optimize the value proposition of what we deliver to customers, right, and that involves the pricing. We are, in turn, as I mentioned, moving to higher power guidance, so that means for each dollar of output power, we need fewer diodes.

We actually can also then change the form factor of the laser. Like a 10-kilowatt laser today is much, much smaller than a 10-kilowatt laser was even 2 or 3 years ago, right? So you got less material going into that. And then we actually run programs internally where we call it "A Profit In Cash" program, where we're actually looking and how we can drive cost savings across different areas. Some of those are in operation. Some of these are in SG&A, OpEx. And we use those to try and fund some of the inflationary impacts of the business that are kind of imitable from each year.

Operator

Our next question comes from Keith Housum with Northcoast Research.

Keith Housum

Mark, I know asking you to pick your favorite as [indiscernible] me to pick your favorite children. But if you think about growth initiatives in the next 2 to 3 years, what do you think are the top 2 or 3 growth initiatives that I kind of -- are your favorite, that you think will have the biggest impact on IPG as we look going forward? .

Mark Gitin

As you said, difficult to pick among the children, but let me just say that we're excited about growth opportunities in both the Industrial Solutions and the Advanced Solutions. I'll start in Advance. Of course, we've talked about the medical and the great roadmap that we have there in urology. We picked up a new customer last year. We have a great road map for growth, and we've talked about that doubling over the next 2 to 3 years. Remember then, we're in the midst of cleaning the acquisition of Lumibird Medical, and Lumibird Medical is going to add to that. That's accretive in the first year, has great growth potential on that piece. And certainly, the combination of Lumibird Medical and our urology, that expands the SAM significantly. So that's above $2 billion and gives us a great platform to grow on.

The other piece, again, I'll name a couple. We've talked about defense. We're making great progress with the CROSSBOW. I mentioned that we have the new product line that's addition that we have, the SE, which gets us long range and crosses into drones, and we have great customer interest from that product line and certainly have good expectations for that area. Semiconductor, that's going well. Again, we have great -- we've been embedded now in key customer programs and products now in major front-end players in metrology, inspection and lithography. We're seeing the benefits there. And we've built out the capability there not only in the technology that we've always had, but now in the quality systems and manufacturing systems to be able to drive that forward. So excited about that area.

And then at micromachining, we have great products in process there, great technology to get us into the shorter pulses and into some of the exciting areas in microelectronics and micromachining and medical devices. Those are all real key areas that we see for growth there in the advanced. And then I don't want to forget the areas that we're driving also in the Industrial Solutions. We have great programs there, and we're seeing some of the benefits that we've talked about, not only in welding, but also in additive. I talked about that a bit earlier. So overall, I see great opportunities for growth for the company going forward on these new areas that we're driving.

Keith Housum

Great. Great. And I know Lumibird acquisition hasn't been closed yet. So many of my questions are premature. But how are you guys thinking about M&A from here? Do you need to take a pause as you guys integrate Lumibird? Or is it still an active process that you guys want to do more here, quickly?

Mark Gitin

Yes. So happy to talk about that. First, let me just step back and frame it with our capital allocation strategy here. First and foremost, it's investing in our organic programs, it's the ones that we talked about here in both Industrial and Advanced and the opportunities that we have to grow with organic programs. And then the inorganic piece, right, tuck-in or bolt-on acquisitions that can get us there faster or augment the markets. And we've seen success with that with clean laser, a fantastic integration team there, and that's really paying back very well now, with great new products combining the road maps of both [indiscernible] and our laser ronapps, having cleaning systems that are size and COGS.

And then Lumibird Medical, as you mentioned, great -- we've talked about the great fit there and how that's going to allow us to grow. We've got a really strong integration team on that. Now and all the integration planning there, we'll continue to look for opportunities, but we'll be very disciplined in our approach, but we have our arms around that. And then just to complete the capital allocation, we always balance that with with share repurchases. We did $1.5 billion over the past several years, and we have another $100 million authorized. We're just excited to have such a strong balance sheet and you see the free cash flow continues to be strong, and we've got great flexibility and optionality going forward.

Operator

[Operator Instructions] Our next question comes from Jim Ricchiuti with Needham.

James Ricchiuti

I just had a follow-up question on semi. I know it's a small part of the overall business. I'm guessing, what, less than 5% or so. But as we think about the [indiscernible] market in '27 and looking out to '28, we're talking, I guess, the numbers being out, thrown at [ 35% ] or so growth in [indiscernible] in '27. Is this a business, Mark, that you see becoming a more meaningful part of the Advanced Solutions revenue base going forward?

Mark Gitin

Yes, Jim, graduate that. I have to say I'm very encouraged by the progress that we're making in semi. I mean this is something that I really focused on when I came in because of my experience in that area. And this is an area where the technology was always there. We have some neat technologies in the company that the [ WFE ] players were interested in. But what we've been able to do now is transition that into design wins in the programs because we put in the other key pieces that you need there, the quality systems, the manufacturing systems, to be able to really engage and supply that market. And that's why we're seeing it.

As the numbers you talked about are -- it is, again, a smaller piece, but you can see that we've now doubled that year-over-year. And we see good opportunity to continue to grow that business, both in the areas that we have design wins now from the growth of the markets, as you talked about, driven by AI and data centers and those things. We're in those newer programs, and we continue to work with these companies on next-generation area. So longer term, I think this can become a more meaningful part of the business for sure. It's a great area. The technology is there, and we're making that crossover.

James Ricchiuti

And maybe just on that topic of crossover that you raised. As we think of -- I don't want to front run your Analyst Day coming up in early next year. But as you think about CROSSBOW and the opportunity in Defense, is there any color you can provide or maybe just broad expectations as to how we should think about that business looking out to '27 and '28, recognizing, right now, it's small, it's lumpy? But how should we think about the potential for CROSSBOW from what you've seen so far? I mean, obviously, you're shipping -- finishing the big order with Lockheed. But beyond that, how do we think about it?

Mark Gitin

Yes, Jim, I'm really optimistic about the CROSSBOW business. As I mentioned, we have very good engagement. We have -- as I mentioned, we've now extended the product line. So that's the next piece of the product line with the SE product. That now gives us both longer range and crosses over into some of the larger drone classes as well. We're shipping from production, which is really key as well because we can react quickly. And I would say that the customer engagements are very, very good and the programs that we're discussing and working with their large programs, and we're excited about where that can go. The product is working. It's been tested in multiple environments, as I talked about. And again, we're excited about where that can go.

Operator

We have reached the end of the question-and-answer session. I would now like to turn the call back over to Eugene Fedotoff for closing comments.

Eugene Fedotoff

Thank you for joining us this morning and your continued interest in IPG. We will be participating in several investor events this quarter and are looking forward to speaking with you again soon. Have a great day, everyone. .

Operator

This concludes today's conference. You may disconnect your lines at this time, and we thank you for your participation.