앨리슨(ALSN) 2026년 3분기 실적 발표회: 매출 121% 급증, 가이던스 상향

핵심 요약

• 앨리슨은 신규 인수한 앨리슨 오프하이웨이 사업 부문의 6억 5,300만 달러를 포함해 2026년 3분기 순매출이 전년 동기 대비 121% 증가한 15억 3,400만 달러를 기록했다고 발표했습니다.
• 앨리슨 트랜스미션 매출은 분기 최고치인 8억 8,100만 달러로 27% 증가했습니다. 북미 온하이웨이 매출은 중형 및 클래스 8 특수 트럭 수요에 힘입어 사상 최고치인 4억 6,200만 달러로 41% 늘었습니다.
• 조정 EBITDA는 56% 증가한 4억 달러를 기록했으며, 마진율은 26.1%를 나타냈습니다. 조정 희석 EPS는 59% 상승한 2.90달러를 기록했습니다.
• 조정 잉여현금흐름은 51% 증가한 2억 7,800만 달러를 기록했습니다. 앨리슨은 이번 분기 동안 5,700만 달러 규모의 자사주를 매입하고 2,300만 달러의 배당금을 지급했으며, 2027년 만기 채권 1억 달러를 상환했습니다.
• 경영진은 2분기 연속으로 2026년 연간 매출, 이익 및 현금흐름 가이던스를 상향 조정했습니다. 수정된 전망치에 따르면 순매출은 59억 7,500만 달러~60억 7,500만 달러, 조정 EBITDA는 15억 3,000만 달러~15억 8,000만 달러로 예상됩니다.
• 경영진은 오프하이웨이 인수를 통해 통합형 에너지 비종속적 추진 시스템, 교차 판매 및 비용 시너지를 바탕으로 차량당 앨리슨의 잠재 탑재 가치가 확대될 것으로 기대하고 있습니다.

주요 재무 데이터

사업 및 영업 실적

앨리슨 트랜스미션의 5개 최종 시장 매출이 모두 전년 동기 대비 증가했습니다. 중형 트럭 수요가 가속화되고 클래스 8 특수 트럭 수요가 견조세를 유지함에 따라 북미 온하이웨이가 주요 성장 동력 역할을 했습니다.

경영진은 유통 채널 재고가 대부분 정상화되었다고 밝혔습니다. OEM 딜러 매장에는 트럭 재고가 크게 쌓여있지 않은 것으로 보이며, 특장차 업체의 재고도 대부분 소진되었습니다. 회사는 현재 중형 트럭의 강세를 단순한 선수요 활동으로 보지 않고 있습니다. 대신 리스 및 렌탈 차량의 노후화와 펜트업 교체 수요를 원인으로 꼽았으며, 경영진은 이것이 4분기를 거쳐 2027년까지 수요를 뒷받침할 수 있을 것으로 보고 있습니다.

앨리슨 오프하이웨이 부문에서는 광업 부문이 견조한 실적을 유지한 반면, 건설 및 자재 운반 부문은 전 지역에서 전년 동기 대비 성장세가 가속화되어 2026년 초 경영진의 예상치를 상회했습니다. 산업 및 농업 시장은 지정학적 상황으로 인해 구매 활동이 지속적으로 제약을 받으면서 침체를 유지했습니다.

이번 인수로 앨리슨의 포트폴리오는 기존 내연기관, 하이브리드, 전기 추진 방식 전반으로 확장되었습니다. 경영진은 통합 법인이 통합 추진 시스템으로 나아가고 있으며, 이를 통해 차량당 공급 가치를 높이고 기존 고객을 대상으로 교차 판매 기회를 모색할 수 있게 되었다고 말했습니다.

전동화와 관련해 경영진은 현재 수요가 저전압 응용 분야에 집중되어 있다고 설명했습니다. 통합 포트폴리오에는 e-액슬(e-axle), e-트랜스미션, e-허브 드라이브가 포함되어 있지만, 앨리슨은 고전압 채택의 가속화를 체감하지 못하고 있습니다. 투자 방식은 시장 발전 및 고객 수요에 계속 맞춰 나갈 예정입니다.

방산 수요는 견조하게 유지되었으며, 북미 이외 지역에서의 성장이 점차 두드러졌습니다. 생산 능력 투자는 eGen Force 및 3040, 4040 MX 제품에 집중되었습니다. 앨리슨은 또한 2026년 초 발표된 BAE 해글룬드(BAE Hägglunds) 수주를 강조했는데, 이는 사상 최대 규모의 방산 수주로 2억 5,000만 달러 이상의 관련 매출을 나타냅니다.

경영진 가이던스

앨리슨은 3분기 실적과 대부분의 주요 최종 시장 여건 개선을 이유로 2분기 연속 2026년 연간 전망치를 상향 조정했습니다.

순이익 가이던스에는 앨리슨 오프하이웨이 분사, 통합 및 구조조정과 관련된 일회성 세전 비용 약 1억 2,500만 달러가 포함되어 있습니다. 이 총액에는 유럽 생산 거점 최적화 비용과 재고자산 공정가치 평가 증액 관련 비용 약 6,500만 달러가 포함됩니다.

이러한 비용에도 불구하고 경영진은 이번 인수가 2026년 순이익과 EPS를 증가시킬 것으로 기대하고 있습니다. 또한 식별된 1억 2,000만 달러 규모의 시너지를 달성할 수 있다고 확신을 표명했으며 추가적인 비용 절감 프로그램이 진행 중이라고 밝혔습니다.

위험 요소 및 관전 포인트

• 특히 철강과 알루미늄을 중심으로 원자재 인플레이션이 마진에 계속 상당한 부담을 주고 있습니다. 그럼에도 경영진은 앨리슨이 연결 기준 가격-비용 스프레드 양수 상태를 유지할 것으로 예상합니다.
• 오프하이웨이의 산업 및 농업 분야 수요는 지정학적 불확실성이 고객의 구매 활동을 제한함에 따라 부분적으로 약세를 보이고 있습니다.
• 고전압 전동화 채택 속도가 가속화되지 않으면서 회사는 실제 시장 발전 속도에 맞춰 투자 속도를 조절해야 합니다.
• 연간 순이익은 오프하이웨이 인수에 대한 매수가격 배분 회계처리 완료 여부에 따라 변동될 수 있습니다.
• 통합, 구조조정 및 생산 거점 최적화로 인해 2026년에 상당한 일회성 비용과 현금 지출이 발생할 것입니다.
• 오프하이웨이 실적은 계절성을 띠며, 유럽의 휴가철 공장 가동 중단으로 인해 보통 3분기가 가장 부진합니다. 경영진은 4분기 실적이 일반적으로 더 호조를 보이는 2분기와 부진한 3분기 사이 수준이라고 밝혔습니다.

애널리스트 Q&A 주요 내용

마진 및 2027년 동인: 경영진은 판매량 증가, 인수 시너지, 우수한 가격-비용 구조(positive price-cost) 및 원자재 인플레이션 둔화 가능성을 마진 지지 요인으로 제시했습니다. 회사가 2027년 가이던스를 제시하지는 않았지만, 농업 부문의 회복 또한 추가적인 기회가 될 수 있습니다.

비용 절감 및 판매관리비(SG&A): 경영진은 앨리슨 트랜스미션 매출의 약 7% 수준인 판매관리비 비율이 향후 적절한 추정치라고 밝혔습니다. 일부 본사 지원 비용은 중앙 그룹 기능으로 이전되었습니다. 회사는 또한 인도 체나이 공장의 생산 능력 확대를 포함해 백오피스 활동을 최적화하고 부품 조달, 엔지니어링 및 제조 효율성을 추진하고 있습니다.

방산 생산 능력: 투자는 주로 신제품 양산을 지원하는 데 집중되었습니다. 경영진은 2025년에서 2026년 사이에 이뤄진 대폭적인 증설이 2027년에 예상되는 생산 능력 수준을 전반적으로 갖추는 동시에 추가 물량을 수용할 수 있는 여지를 남겨둔 것이라고 설명했습니다. 사업 믹스는 유럽과 한국의 신제품 및 신규 고객 중심으로 이동하고 있습니다.

오프하이웨이 계절성: 경영진은 주로 물량 증가에 힘입어 4분기 오프하이웨이 수익성이 3분기 대비 개선될 것으로 예상했지만, 예상 증가폭을 수치화하지는 않았습니다.

실적 발표 컨퍼런스 콜 전문

전체 실적 발표 컨퍼런스 콜 녹취록

경영진 발표

Operator

Good afternoon. Thank you for standing by. Welcome to Allison's Third Quarter 2026 Earnings Conference Call. My name is Samantha, and I will be your conference call operator today.

[Operator Instructions]

As a reminder, this conference call is being recorded.

I would now like to turn the conference over to Jackie Bolles, Executive Director of Treasury and Investor Relations. Please go ahead, Jackie.

Jacalyn Bolles

Thank you, Samantha. Good afternoon, and thank you for joining us for our third quarter 2026 earnings conference call. With me this afternoon are Dave Graziosi, our Chair, President and Chief Executive Officer; Scott Mell, our Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer; Fred Bohley, Allison's Operating -- Chief Operating Officer and Allison Transmission Business Unit Leader; and Craig Price, Allison Off-Highway Business Unit Leader.

As a reminder, this conference call, webcast and this afternoon's presentation are available on the Investor Relations section of allisontransmission.com. A replay of this call will be available through November 16.

As noted on Slide 2 of the presentation, many of our remarks today contain forward-looking statements based on current expectations. These forward-looking statements are subject to known and unknown risks, including those set forth in our annual report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2025. Should one or more of these risks or uncertainties materialize or should underlying assumptions or estimates prove incorrect, actual results may vary materially from those that we express today.

In addition, as noted on Slide 3 of the presentation, some of our remarks today contain non-GAAP financial measures as defined by the SEC. You can find reconciliations of the non-GAAP financial measures to the most comparable GAAP measures attached in the appendix to the presentation and to our third quarter 2026 earnings press release. Today's call is set to end at 5:45 p.m. Eastern Time. In order to maximize participation opportunities on the call, we'll take just one question from each analyst.

Please turn to Slide 4 of the presentation for the call agenda. During today's call, Dave Graziosi will provide a business update, including recent announcements across Allison. Dave will also provide detail on capabilities of the combined Allison product portfolio, a key piece of our growth strategy before concluding with a brief review of the business unit's net sales performance for the third quarter. Scott Mell will then review Allison's third quarter 2026 financial performance and our full year guidance update prior to commencing the Q&A.

Now I'll turn the call over to Dave Graziosi.

David Graziosi

Thank you, Jackie. Good afternoon, and thank you for joining us. Please turn to Slide 5 of the presentation for our third quarter business update. Before we begin, I would like to take a moment to reiterate our go-forward brand architecture announced last month. Under this structure, the Allison Transmission and Allison Off-Highway business units, along with their combined product portfolios now operate under the unified Allison name. Our products have a long history, earning the trust of customers over many decades. Much of what they value about Allison is embodied in the product brands themselves.

As we announced, trusted brands such as Allison Transmission, Spicer, Brevini, GWB, Fairfield and Graziano will be retained and will continue to be developed, sold and serviced as they have been. Importantly, customers, distributors and dealers across both business units can continue to expect the high standards of the products and parts they rely on, now strengthened by the resources and global reach of the Allison enterprise. Moving on to a few articles that were recently posted on our Allison in Action page located in the newsroom on our corporate site, allisontransmission.com. First, I want to highlight a milestone from Japan that shows how the Allison value proposition delivers in real-world applications.

In August, we celebrated the delivery of our 20,000 Allison equipped Isuzu Erga city bus to Keisei Bus Chiba West, which runs roughly 2,300 buses across Tokyo, Chiba and Ibaraki. This story highlights the structural megatrends shaping our end markets and positioning Allison for growth around the world. In Japan, where some of the world's most congested city roads meet a shrinking labor force and driver pool, operators are finding it increasingly difficult to recruit drivers for manual transmission vehicles because of the physical strain and skill required for manual transmission shifting. Under these conditions, it's no surprise that Isuzu has moved entirely away from manual transmissions in its city buses with Allison's fully automatic transmissions now found in over 70% of large city buses across Japan.

Our second highlight comes from the U.K. with Supacat and their high mobility transporter, HMT known within the British Army as the Jackal. The Jackal is a wheeled defense vehicle used for reconnaissance and long range patrol, tasked with getting soldiers deep into hostile terrain and bringing them home safely. More than 25 years after Supacat was first integrated with the Allison 2500 Series fully automatic transmission into the HMT platform, they continue to specify the same drivetrain, underscoring the durability and reliability of Allison products in demanding defense applications, the long service life of these vehicles and the trust we built as a long-standing partner.

Finally, showcasing the power of Allison from the harsh conditions of the Gobi Desert in Mongolia, Vertex, an end user at the Mongolia Energy Resources Coal Mine had been struggling with unusually high transmission failure rates across the wide-body mining dump trucks. And with no local service network, downtime and fleet availability became an even greater challenge. So when Vertex expanded its [ fleet by ] 100 trucks in 2025, choosing Allison was the clear decision. In addition to the proven reliability of our products, our service network stands out with our local presence allowing operators to cut troubleshooting repair times that once took weeks.

To experience the full testimonials, I encourage those of you that have not already done so to visit the Allison in Action page and subscribe to our e-mail alerts by clicking the link at the top of the page. Before covering Allison's third quarter net sales performance, please turn to Slide 6 of the presentation for an outline of Allison's combined product portfolio opportunities, a key piece of our growth strategy. As a combined company, Allison is moving up the value chain, transitioning to a full-scale integrated propulsion systems provider capable of designing, validating and delivering complete optimized propulsion systems. This improves performance, efficiency and time to market for OEMs and unlocks the value for Allison and our shareholders.

With an expanded product portfolio and a pipeline of combined drivetrain products in development, Allison has opportunities to capture more content, fundamentally changing our position in the end markets we serve. As we leverage our suite of capabilities, we believe we can capture more content per vehicle with an enhanced value-selling approach, leading to margin expansion opportunities across the business. Our expanded portfolio is energy agnostic with solutions spanning conventional ICE platforms, hybrid as well as advanced electric propulsion. This portfolio reduces concentration risk, protects revenue streams through market transitions and enables Allison to meet customers wherever they are in their technology journey.

Finally, with the combined global footprint, we can support our customers with local engineering, manufacturing, sales and service. This not only increases Allison's competitive position, but also unlock synergies and opportunities for margin expansion, scaling our profitability. Importantly, our combined product portfolio and our role as an integrated propulsion systems provider are only part of the story. With our combined portfolio, we can provide complementary products to existing customers and unlock cross-selling opportunities. This positions us to capture additional value as customer needs evolve and further strengthens our long-term growth potential. Turning to the right hand of the slide, you will see some representative applications utilizing Allison's developing product portfolio.

To summarize, the Allison Off-Highway acquisition has transformed the Allison growth algorithm. We are transitioning to a full-scale integrated propulsion systems provider, able to capture more content, expand value-selling opportunities and strengthen OEM relationships as a single source offering energy-agnostic solutions. This transition positions us to win more programs, realize new growth opportunities and leverage our global capabilities and presence to unlock synergies and expand margins. The result is a strengthened position as a premier industrial asset. Moving now to Allison's third quarter net sales performance and end market outlook for both of our business units.

Please turn to Slide 7 of the presentation. Third quarter net sales were $1.534 billion, an increase of 121% year-over-year. In addition to the $653 million contributed by the newly acquired Allison Off-Highway business unit, revenue in the Allison Transmission business unit increased 27% year-over-year, reaching a quarterly record of $881 million. Within the Allison Transmission business unit, all 5 end markets were up year-over-year. Demand accelerated for medium-duty and Class 8 vocational truck, driving record quarterly revenue of $462 million for the North America On-Highway end market, an increase of 41% year-over-year. Within the Allison Off-Highway business unit, when we step back and take a look across our end markets, it's clear that demand patterns are not uniform.

We continue to see strong momentum in mining and the construction and material handling end market accelerated year-over-year across every region, exceeding our expectations heading into 2026. However, our industrial and agricultural end markets remain muted as ongoing geopolitical developments continue to temper customer purchasing activity. You can find detailed breakdowns by end market for both business units on Slides 8 and 9 of the presentation.

Now I'll turn the call over to Scott for a review of Allison's third quarter 2026 financial performance and full year 2026 guidance update. Scott?

Scott Mell

Thank you, Dave, and thanks to those of you joining us on the call. Please flip to Slide 10 of the presentation. As Dave covered in his prepared remarks, net sales in the third quarter increased 121% year-over-year to $1.534 billion. The year-over-year increase was driven by the addition of the Allison Off-Highway business unit, along with a 27% increase in the Allison Transmission business unit with record quarterly net sales of $881 million. Consolidated adjusted EBITDA for the quarter was $400 million, increasing 56% year-over-year, representing a 26.1% margin. Third quarter adjusted diluted EPS was $2.90, increasing 59% year-over-year.

Favorable end market demand conditions and operational execution drove strong cash generation in the third quarter. While capital expenditures increased $21 million year-over-year, adjusted free cash flow of $278 million increased $94 million or 51%. During the third quarter, we repurchased $57 million of our common stock and paid $23 million for our quarterly dividend. We also completed a partial redemption of $100 million of our 2027 notes, bringing total debt repayment year-to-date to over $400 million. Despite near-term headwinds from increased raw material costs and other inflationary pressures, our margin outlook remains positive and Allison's ability to generate substantial cash flow is hard to overstate. Also, as a combined company, our top line growth opportunities have never been stronger.

You can find further detail on financial performance by segment on Slide 11 of the presentation. There will also be more detail provided in our Form 10-Q to be published later this week. Please turn to Slide 12 for our full year 2026 guidance update. Given our third quarter results and improved conditions across the majority of our key end markets, we are increasing our full year 2026 guidance for revenue, earnings and cash flow for the second consecutive quarter. For 2026 revenue, we expect consolidated net sales in the range of $5.975 billion to $6.075 billion. For earnings, we expect consolidated net income in the range of $645 million to $685 million, subject to the completion of purchase price accounting associated with the acquisition of the Allison Off-Highway business unit.

Our net income guidance for 2026 includes approximately $125 million of onetime pretax expenses associated with the separation, integration and restructuring of the Allison Off-Highway business unit. This includes restructuring charges related to manufacturing footprint optimization in our European operations and approximately $65 million of expenses related to the stepped-up basis in inventory. Despite these onetime costs, we expect the Allison Off-Highway acquisition to be accretive to net income and earnings per share in 2026. Further, we expect consolidated adjusted EBITDA in the range of $1.530 billion to $1.580 billion. At the midpoint, this implies a 25.8% adjusted EBITDA margin.

For our 2026 cash flow guidance, we anticipate consolidated net cash provided by operating activities in the range of $1.110 billion to $1.140 billion, consolidated capital expenditures in the range of $240 million to $260 million, including onetime separation and integration spending of approximately $20 million and consolidated adjusted free cash flow in the range of $850 million to $900 million. Please note that our consolidated net cash provided by operating activities guidance includes approximately $60 million of onetime cash outlays associated with our acquisition of the Allison Off-Highway business unit.

This concludes our prepared remarks. Samantha, please open the call for questions.

Operator

[Operator Instructions]

Our first question is from Rob Wertheimer with Melius Research.

질의응답

Robert Wertheimer

A lot of numbers going up to ask about. I guess I'll pick a couple of the biggest in medium and vocational. Just one question on just channel inventory there. I know there's some kind of flex and accordion kind of structures at body builders, et cetera. Could you remind us of where you think that stands right now? And then is it your view some of this demand is prebuy related? Or is it just that the market needs replacement and therefore, continue into next year?

G. Bohley

Rob, this is Fred. Relative to the channel inventory, our checks would suggest there's not a significant number of trucks on the OEM dealer lots. And then relative to body builders, the vast majority of that's been worked through. So we would define that as somewhat normalized at this point. And then I think your second question was relative to demand in medium-duty as well as for us, Class 8 vocational. So from a medium-duty standpoint, we've seen a gradual ramp throughout the year and talked about it on the Q1 and Q2 call, but certainly saw a significant uptick in medium duty in the third quarter. If you think about our end market where we're up 41% year-over-year, I think ACT has Class 6, 7 up about 30% year-over-year and Class 8 straight truck up 29%, school bus relatively flat.

So certainly some strong performance from our standpoint within the end market. Specific to demand, we are starting to see the lease rentals guys lean into the medium-duty market. We really don't see this necessarily as a prebuy activity. Their fleets are very aged, and we think there's some element of pent-up demand in the market that should continue to drive things upward from where we sit into Q4 and on into 2027. And then with Class 8 vocational, I would just continue to describe it as robust, and it's been very steady and strong, primarily being driven by all the infrastructure spend going on. So again, from an outlook standpoint going into 2027, that feels good as well.

Operator

Our next question is from Tim Thein with Raymond James.

Timothy Thein

I'll ask one with a little bit more of a longer-term bent to it. And I'm just curious if we could speak to the margin profile of the business. Now that you've had a bit more time with the Off-Highway guys under your belt, you did 26% EBITDA margins in what is, I imagine the seasonally softest quarter of the year. So maybe speak to as you look beyond this year, obviously, synergies will play an important role. But just kind of how you would think about, again, looking out a bit longer term, kind of where you see the underlying margin performance of this newly configured asset.

Scott Mell

Yes. Tim, it's Scott. I'll take a shot at this one. I mean, I think, as you mentioned, we delivered 26% plus margins in the third quarter, recognizing that the third quarter is cyclically the softest quarter for the Off-Highway business unit given the holiday shutdowns in August. So I think the takeaway is we remain very positive relative to our ability to continue to grow the margin profile of the combined business.

We'll -- we've noted in the release that while we are price/cost positive on a consolidated basis in the quarter, we are seeing meaningful material cost increases impacting the margin profile, just given some of the cyclicality timing of getting those recoveries. So as we look forward, we think, to your point, volume growth will be incremental, the synergies that we continue to have high confidence in delivering as we get into next year. And then if we start to see some improvement relative to inflationary pressure, not only material, but otherwise, that's an upside opportunity for us as we look going forward.

Operator

Our next question is from Ian Zaffino with Oppenheimer & Co.

Ian Zaffino

On Slide 6, I found this very interesting. And maybe we could just get a little bit more color here. What are you seeing either from the market or your customers as it relates to transitioning to anything really to electrification? I know in the past, you talked about lack of standards and some other kind of difficulties there. But are you seeing any type of acceleration there or anything that kind of is driving calling it out in this slide? And then maybe talk about the cost you might have to incur to do any type of transition, whether it's dollars, margins, people or anything like that?

David Graziosi

Ian, it's Dave. I appreciate that question. So on electrification, as you know, post acquisition as part of bringing the Allison Off-Highway product portfolio in, what that did, amongst other things, is really allow our portfolio to expand from high voltage all the way back to low voltage. So I'm sure, as you know, low voltage continues to be, I would say, a much more mature adopting end market and space versus high voltage. The fact is, I think, putting -- if you look at the overall portfolio now with Allison Off-Highway, whether it's e-axle e-transmissions, e-Hub drives, et cetera, we have a pretty fulsome portfolio. It's also, I think, very much applicable or weighted to where you have adoption heavy, which is low voltage.

So for us, working across that spectrum from low to high, I think to your question, we are very much focused on the lower voltage range right now simply because that's where the demand is. And we've talked about that for a number of years, as you know, which is the right products at the right time. Clearly, the right products being more so in low voltage, we are not seeing much, I would tell you in terms of high-voltage adoption. We continue to stay close to our development work, our relationships with the OEMs, end users, et cetera, but we do not see that necessarily that adoption curve is accelerating on the high-voltage side. That being said, we're continuing to monitor overall developments in the technology.

And again, we'll stay close to that. And I would just offer, as you know, our strategy right along has been to really time our activities appropriate with market developments. And I think you've seen whether that's certainly North America On-Highway, quite a few things have really slowed down from some of the initial plans for the broader industry. So again, we're there, we're following the trends, and we'll continue to stay close. From an overall investment perspective, I would say our curve, just looking at the combination with the Off-Highway business has at some level, re-allowed us to combine and conquer, if you will. So the teams are working together very well and also looking at the application of the different teams, frankly, know-how and technology across that entire range, whether it be low voltage or high voltage. So again, we're excited about the opportunities that we have near term, but also continue to stay close to the overall market development.

Operator

Our next question is from Jerry Revich with Wells Fargo.

Jerry Revich

I'm wondering if we just have a high-level conversation around the moving pieces into margins overall for next year. And obviously, we can put a finer point on guidance in 3 months, but it sounds like pricing in the base business should be moving higher. We've got the synergies on the Off-Highway business coming in. Any other big ticket moving pieces that we should be keeping in mind as we think about '27 margins versus '26?

Scott Mell

Well, Jerry, it's Scott, thanks for the question. I mean, I think consistent with what I said on the previous question, I think we have incremental volume opportunities as we move into '27. We're not going to get into that conversation on this call, but certainly, I think we're optimistic '27 will continue some of the demand momentum that we've seen. Obviously, agriculture within the Off-Highway business unit has been very soft this year. To the extent you see fundamentals improving in agriculture, that's an opportunity as we get into '27. I think you mentioned pricing, we expect to continue to have positive price/cost on a consolidated basis for the enterprise.

So that's an expectation for next year. And then really, again, not to repeat myself, but to the extent that we see some softening stabilization as it relates to commodity costs, specifically steel and aluminum have been a meaningful headwind this year. If we start to see some resolution in the Middle East and some of the other geopolitical issues going on, we're hopeful that, that could be another tailwind as we get into next year.

G. Bohley

And Jerry, specific to the ATBU, I mean, we were clearly price/cost positive in the quarter. As Scott mentioned, some of the meaningful cost pressures, really the largest being raw material. As you know, we do have commodity pass-throughs, and you've seen some of that flow through. We initially talked about 325 basis points of price for the BU. We were 460 basis points year-over-year in Q3. Going forward, I mean, we have numerous cost reduction initiatives across the company above and beyond the $120 million of synergies that have been identified. And then as we talked about relative to the transmission business, when you have inflationary technology changes that drive up the price of the vehicles, that really just increases the value proposition that our products deliver.

And our products really improve the way the vehicles function, increased productivity, vehicle uptime, with more work completed with fewer vehicles, reduced maintenance costs, improved fuel economy, safety, driver retention. So again, as those things inflate up, which you're seeing, the vehicles, the maintenance cost, the drivers, the value of our product really shines. So for that reason, as Scott mentioned, we've got high level of confidence being able to price in an inflationary environment, and we clearly expect to be price/cost positive in 2027.

Operator

Our next question is from Angel Castillo with Morgan Stanley.

Angel Castillo Malpica

Just maybe I wanted to touch on a little bit on the margin and continue to unpack that a bit more. But specifically on the third quarter, your SG&A in the legacy Allison business is pretty low, around 7% of sales. Just -- could you just unpack that and to the extent that there was anything there that was onetime? Or should we think about that as kind of the right run rate going forward here? Just I think that was pretty solid performance and helps offset some of the cost inflation that you've been talking about. And -- maybe as a secondary or follow-on to that, if you could just also comment on -- you just mentioned numerous cost reduction initiatives beyond the $120 million in synergies.

Curious if any of that is initiatives that you have in flight that are maybe impacting that SG&A number? Any more color or kind of finer points that you can put on quantifying what those cost reduction initiatives might be? And maybe what segment do they hit? That would be helpful.

G. Bohley

Let me take the cost reduction initiatives and then throw it over to Scott for some commentary on SG&A. If you think about the investment that we made in our India plant in Chennai, doubling the size of that plant, that is going to allow us to reduce cost, probably more importantly, increase capacity. And then our sales team is actively out selling that capacity. Case in point, all 5 end markets up record quarterly revenue. Pre-transaction, we had a lot of activities in flight relative to purchase components and engineering and resourcing activities to take costs out of our product that way. Scott, do you want to speak a little bit to the SG&A?

Scott Mell

Yes. I mean I think a couple of things, Angel. One is, obviously, this year, we started reporting a central group function and we talked about it before, but essentially costs that kind of sit at the corporate level and support both business units. So number one, we've moved some costs out of the legacy Allison Transmission business unit. But specific to the question, I think the 7% number is probably a good estimate for you as you go forward. I will say that we are seeing some positive trends within the SG&A. To Fred's point, we are looking to optimize our cost structure now that we have a much broader global platform, and that includes where do we put SG&A and other type of back-office activities.

We're also seeing some positive warranty expense in the quarter. I think coming out of COVID, we, like many others, were challenged as it related to just the change in the labor force, and we saw some strength in the warranty expense in the quarter, which impacted that number as well. But I think going forward, to Fred's point, we're very focused on cost containment, I would say, just ensuring that we're taking advantage of the synergies from combining the 2 businesses, and that includes the SG&A side as well.

Operator

Our next question is from Kyle Menges with Citigroup.

Kyle Menges

I would love to hear a little bit more about defense and specifically just the capacity investments that you've been making and maybe plan to make over the next 12 months or maybe even beyond that? And on the order book as well, I noticed that there was a comment about the order book being nearly full for 2027. So would just love to understand maybe the investments in capacity that have already happened this year. And it sounds like I think there's some plan for next year. I'm not sure if there's anything with the -- any acquired Dana facilities that can help add some defense capacity. And I guess also what I'm trying to get at is if that order book for 2027 does end up filling completely, which it sounds like there's a good chance, just what that would mean for year-over-year volume growth in that business?

G. Bohley

Yes, Kyle, this is Fred. Let me first address the kind of demand. What -- obviously, clearly a very robust year. You've seen our business move from being predominantly to the U.S. government to much more exposure to outside North America. We're also launching 2 new products, the eGen Force and the 3040 and 4040 MX, with the 3040, 4040 MX primarily focused outside North America. So from a capacity standpoint, most of the investments have been to be positioned to ramp up those 2 products. Specific into 2027, we have pretty good line of sight at this point. And we'll need to see how we finish the year. But I think that the big step-up that you saw from '25 to '26, that pretty much kind of sets us to where we expect to be for 2027.

Again, there's still some room for more volume to come in, but it's more of a transition from the traditional business we sold to the U.S. government into new products and sales outside North America, into Europe, into Korea. We announced the BAE Hägglunds order back middle of the year, that was our largest defense order in history and over $250 million in revenue associated with that order. So the -- definitely, the -- as you asked, the order book is filling in nicely.

Operator

Our next question is from Tami Zakaria with JPMorgan.

Tami Zakaria

So I think I heard you mention the third quarter is seasonally the softest quarter. I think you said for Off-Highway as well. So your Off-Highway EBITDA margin was 12.7%. What's the typical sequential step-up in margins for that segment in the fourth quarter? Is it similar to what we saw in the first half or still below the first half, but better than 3Q?

Craig Price

Tami, this is Craig. So yes, as Scott said in the remarks, the third quarter for us, just given such a significant part of our business in Europe is typically our weakest quarter. The second quarter typically is our strongest. So the fourth is somewhere in between. So we would naturally see a step-up that's predominantly due to the increase in that volume.

Operator

We have reached the end of the question-and-answer session. I would like to turn the floor back over to David Graziosi for closing comments.

David Graziosi

Thank you, Samantha, and thank you for your continued interest in Allison and for participating on today's call. Enjoy your evening.

Operator

This concludes today's teleconference. You may disconnect your lines at this time. Thank you for your participation.