LSB 인더스트리즈(LXU) 2026년 3분기 실적 발표회: 조정 EBITDA 55% 증가

LSB 인더스트리(NYSE: LXU)는 정기보수 작업에 따른 판매량 감소에도 불구하고 판매 가격 상승과 비용 절감에 힘입어 2026년 3분기 실적이 개선되었다고 발표했습니다. 경영진은 또한 운영 개선 성과, 탄소 포집 수익 잠재력 및 엘도라도 암모니아 공장 증설 가능성에 대해 설명했습니다.

핵심 요약

• 2026년 3분기 조정 EBITDA는 견조한 산업용 및 농업용 수요, 질산 및 질산암모늄 용액 생산량 증가, 상업적 실행력에 힘입어 전년 동기 4,000만 달러에서 55% 증가한 6,200만 달러를 기록했습니다.
• 2026년 첫 9개월 동안 영업활동 현금흐름은 1억 3,200만 달러에 달했습니다. 5,800만 달러의 유지보수 자본지출을 차감한 잉여현금흐름은 약 7,400만 달러였습니다.
• LSB는 현금, 현금성 자산 및 단기 투자자산으로 2억 달러 이상을 보유하며 분기를 마감했으며, 순레버리지는 약 1.1배를 기록했습니다.
• 경영진은 연간 실행률(run-rate) 기준 누적 운영 개선 효과가 5,500만 달러의 목표치 중 2026년 말까지 약 3,500만 달러에 달할 것으로 예상하며, 2027년 말까지 추가로 1,500만~2,000만 달러를 목표로 하고 있습니다.
• 경영진은 엘도라도 탄소 포집 및 저장(CCS) 프로젝트가 12년간의 45Q 세액공제 기간 동안 본격 가동될 경우, 운영 비용을 제외하고 연간 2,500만~3,000만 달러의 수익을 창출할 것으로 예상합니다.
• 경영진은 견조한 수요, 10월 톤당 545달러인 탬파 암모니아 가격, 톤당 약 390달러 수준인 NOLA UAN 가격, 분기 누적 평균 MMBtu당 약 3달러 수준의 천연가스 비용 등을 들어 4분기 업황이 우수하다고 설명했습니다.

주요 재무 데이터

판매 가격 상승과 비용 절감 효과가 이번 분기 중 완료된 정기보수 작업을 주로 반영하는 판매량 감소 영향을 충분히 상쇄했습니다. 비용 절감 효과의 일부는 귀금속 회수에서 비롯되었으며, 4분기를 앞두고 확충한 재고자산으로 인해 비용 일부가 해당 기간에서 이월되기도 했습니다.

판매비와 관리비(SG&A)는 주로 리텐션 계약에 연동된 주식 기준 보상, 변동 보상 증가, 레이도스 재판 준비, CCS 인수 관련 전문 수수료 및 기타 투자로 인해 2025년 수준을 상회했습니다. 경영진은 이러한 비용의 대부분이 일회성(비반복적)이며 2027년까지 지속되지는 않을 것으로 예상된다고 설명했습니다.

사업 및 운영 실적

산업용 시장의 펀더멘털은 견조하게 유지되었습니다. AI 관련 분야, 전기화, 전력망, 제조업 리쇼어링, 도로 및 고속도로와 연계된 인프라 투자가 북미 광업 활동과 장기적인 질산암모늄 수요를 지속적으로 뒷받침했습니다.

생산 업체의 가동 중단과 수요 증가가 질산암모늄(AN)의 스폿 및 계약 가격을 지지했습니다. LSB는 3분기 동안 마진이 높은 AN 생산과 판매를 우선시했으며, 2027년 상반기 중 가동 중단된 업계 생산 능력이 복구될 것으로 예상될 때까지 이러한 기조를 이어갈 계획입니다.

농업용 질소 비료 시장도 긍정적인 모습을 유지했습니다. 3분기 동안 글로벌 요소 가격은 메트릭톤당 약 100달러 상승했으며, UAN 가격은 7월 초 대비 숏톤당 75달러 상승했습니다. 경영진은 9월 옥수수 가격 반등으로 선제적인 선도 구매가 촉진되어 일반적인 가을철 구매 둔화기에도 양호한 판매 실적을 기록했다고 밝혔습니다.

지난 3개월 동안 유럽 TTF 천연가스 가격이 MMBtu당 약 18달러에서 30달러로 상승하며 유럽 암모니아의 추정 생산 원가가 메트릭톤당 1,000달러를 넘어섰습니다. LSB는 유럽의 생산 감축 규모가 전체 생산량의 20%~25%, 최대 200만 메트릭톤에 달할 수 있다고 추정했습니다. 이와 대조적으로 미국 천연가스는 MMBtu당 약 3달러 수준을 유지하며 LSB의 구조적 원가 우위를 지지했습니다.

정기보수 작업 후 엘도라도 공장은 일일 약 1,350~1,370톤의 암모니아를 생산해 당초 명목 용량인 일산 1,150톤을 상회했습니다. 프라이어 공장은 일일 약 675~700톤으로 가동되었고, 체로키 공장은 일일 520~530톤을 생산했습니다. 경영진은 정기보수가 없고 암모니아 공장이 100% 가동될 때의 전체 설비 정상 연간 생산량을 약 875,000~900,000톤으로 추정했습니다.

경영 전망

경영진은 견조한 산업용 및 농업용 수요가 2026년 4분기에도 견조한 실적과 현금흐름을 뒷받침할 것으로 예상합니다. 전화회의 당시 회사의 4분기 계약 비율은 약 70%였으며, 2027년 1분기 계약 비율은 이보다 훨씬 낮아 향후 가격 상승에 따른 수혜 가능성이 열려 있습니다.

LSB는 2026년 말까지 연간 실행률 기준 누적 약 3,500만 달러의 운영 개선 효과를 달성할 것으로 예상하고 있습니다. 또한 생산, 제품 믹스, 효율성 및 비용 이니셔티브를 통해 2027년 말까지 추가로 1,500만~2,000만 달러를 달성하는 것을 목표로 합니다.

엘도라도 CCS 시설 건설이 진행 중인 가운데, 회사는 클래스 VI 허가를 위해 EPA와 계속 협의하고 있습니다. EPA 트래커 상에는 2027년 하반기 가동 가능성이 표시되어 있지만, 경영진은 EPA 심사 완료 결과에 따라 더 조기에 개시될 수도 있다고 밝혔습니다.

추진 가능성이 있는 엘도라도 암모니아 증설과 관련해, LSB는 2027년 2분기에 기본설계(FEED) 연구를 완료하고 최종 투자 결정 단계로 진행할 것으로 예상합니다. 승인될 경우 이 프로젝트는 해당 사업장의 2029년 정기보수 계획과 연계되어 연간 약 10만 톤의 암모니아 생산 능력을 추가하게 됩니다. 경영진은 1억 500만~1억 2,000만 달러의 순 프로젝트 비용 대비, 암모니아 가격에 따라 연간 2,000만~2,500만 달러의 추가 조정 EBITDA가 발생할 것으로 추정합니다.

리스크 및 관전 포인트

• EPA 클래스 VI 허가 시점은 여전히 불확실하며 엘도라도 CCS 프로젝트의 개시 일자에 직접적인 영향을 미칩니다.
• 가을철 암모니아 살포는 호의적인 기상 조건에 달려 있습니다. 경영진은 미국 일부 지역의 따뜻하고 건조한 날씨와 수확 지연을 단기 변수로 언급했습니다.
• 질소 및 에너지 시장은 중동과 흑해 지역의 지정학적 갈등, 무역 차질, 보다 광범위한 거시경제 변동성에 계속 노출되어 있습니다.
• 재고자산 이동 및 귀금속 회수를 포함한 3분기 비용 절감 혜택 중 일부는 일시적이거나 시점 관련 이슈였습니다. 경영진은 실적 발표에서 논의된 긍정적인 비용 절감 효과의 약 절반 정도가 지속 가능한 수준이라고 추정했습니다.
• 레이도스 엔지니어링을 상대로 한 LSB의 재판은 실적 발표 당시에 진행 중이었으며 3~4주 동안 이어질 것으로 예상되었습니다. 경영진은 어떠한 결과도 보장되지 않는다고 밝혔습니다.

애널리스트 Q&A 주요 내용

경영진은 산업용 및 광업용 물량의 약 10%가 높은 스폿 시세의 수혜를 입고 있으며, 공급 차질이 완화될 2027년 상반기 말까지 이러한 역학 관계가 지속될 것으로 예상된다고 말했습니다.

자본 배분과 관련해 경영진은 LSB가 잠재적인 포트폴리오 인수를 위해 유동성을 보존할 의향이 있음을 내비쳤습니다. 또한 이사회 승인을 받은 자사주 매입 프로그램을 효율적이라고 판단되는 경우 분기별 소규모 매입 등의 방식으로 선별적으로 활용하기 시작할 것으로 기대하고 있습니다.

LSB는 엘도라도 암모니아 증설 및 병목 현상 해소 프로젝트와 관련해 이미 약 3,000만 달러 규모의 미국 농무부(USDA) 보조금을 확보했다고 확인했습니다. 별도의 2단계 증설 제안서의 경우 최초 선정된 8개 프로젝트에는 포함되지 않았으나 USDA와의 협의는 계속되고 있습니다.

회사는 2027년에 9월 앨라배마주 체로키 시설에 대한 정기보수 계획 1건을 가지고 있습니다.

실적 발표 전화회의 전체 녹취록

전체 실적 발표 컨퍼런스 콜 녹취록

경영진 발표

Operator

Greetings, and welcome to the LSB Industries Third Quarter 2026 Earnings Conference Call. [Operator Instructions] As a reminder, this conference is being recorded. [Operator Instructions]

It's now my pleasure to turn the call over to Kristy Carver, Senior Vice President and Treasurer. Kristy, please go ahead.

Kristy Carver

Good morning, everyone. Joining me today are Mark Behrman, our Chairman and Chief Executive Officer; Cheryl Maguire, our Chief Financial Officer; and Damien Renwick, our Chief Commercial Officer.

Please note that today's call includes forward-looking statements. These statements are based on the company's current intent, expectations and projections. They are not guarantees of future performance and a variety of factors could cause the actual results to differ materially. For more information about the risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ materially from those projected or implied by forward-looking statements, please see the risk factors set forth in the company's most recent annual report on Form 10-K and quarterly reports on Form 10-Q.

On the call, we will reference non-GAAP results. Please see the press release in the Investors section of our website, lsbindustries.com, and the appendix of the related investor presentation for further information regarding forward-looking statements and reconciliations of non-GAAP results to GAAP results.

At this time, I'd like to go ahead and turn the call over to Mark.

Mark Behrman

Thank you, Kristy, and good morning, everyone. Our teams delivered strong third quarter results, supported by strong demand across both our industrial and agricultural businesses and continued execution across the organization. This translated into significant year-over-year growth in adjusted EBITDA and EPS and reflected the progress we are making in overall reliability, efficiency and product mix optimization.

We are pleased to see these operational improvements increasingly reflected in our financial performance, while we continue to advance several growth initiatives that we believe can drive additional earnings and cash flow over the next several years. Last quarter, we assumed full ownership of our El Dorado carbon capture and sequestration project from Lapis Carbon Solutions. Construction of the carbon capture facility is in full swing, and we continue to work closely with the EPA to secure approval of our Class VI permit. I'll provide additional details about the project later on in the call.

As we look to the final quarter of 2026 and into 2027, we remain focused on continuing to improve our plant reliability and increasing production to meet customer demand. We believe these efforts will help us to generate strong free cash flow and increase shareholder value.

Now I'll turn over the call to Damien to provide more detail on the commercial environment.

Damien Renwick

Thanks, Mark, and good morning, everyone. Supply constraints stemming from continued geopolitical conflicts in the Middle East and Black Sea region continue to challenge global nitrogen and energy markets. Over the last 3 months, European TTF natural gas prices have risen from about $18 to $30 per MMBtu, pushing European ammonia production costs to over $1,000 per metric ton, well above import parity.

In response, European producers are curtailing production and relying more heavily on imports, further tightening already limited global supplies as we head towards winter in the coming months. We estimate that ammonia producers may have either shut down production or reduced production rates to minimum levels, resulting in curtailments of between 20% to 25% or up to 2 million metric tons of production. In the U.S., natural gas remains around $3 per MMBtu, giving us a significant structural cost advantage.

Turning to our industrial business. Fundamentals remain strong. Infrastructure spending continues to grow, driven by AI-related sectors, electrification, power and grid investment, onshoring of manufacturing and continued spending on roads and highways. As a result, copper prices continue to rise, and gold prices remain elevated despite easing from record highs earlier this year. These market fundamentals and resulting strong prices are driving solid mining activity across North America, and the growing pipeline of mining projects advancing as quickly as permitting allows supports robust long-term demand for AN.

Producer outages and strong demand continued to support both spot and contract AN pricing. During the third quarter, we used the flexibility of our production assets to prioritize higher-margin AN production and sales. We expect to continue favoring AN until sometime in the first half of 2027 when shuttered production is expected to return to the market.

Turning to Page 5. Fertilizer market conditions remain firm as global supply conditions continue to evolve. Ongoing supply uncertainty, trade disruptions and broader macro volatility have kept prices above historical levels. And, importantly, demand for our products is strong.

Ammonia prices eased during the third quarter with Tampa settling at $545 per metric ton for October, reflecting lower phosphate demand amid extremely high sulfur prices. Subject to favorable application weather, we continue to expect a strong fall ammonia season because ammonia's significant price discount to other products should encourage application. Confirmed sales position our forward order book well through year-end, while preserving flexibility to capture additional volume if prices rise.

Global urea prices strengthened by approximately $100 per metric ton through the third quarter. Volumes from the Middle East remain limited. And while China has increased exports by approximately 4 million metric tons this year after the government eased export restrictions, this has done little to ease the shortage of supply impacting global markets. Strong European import demand is adding further support. We expect this dynamic to continue through Q4.

UAN pricing followed higher urea pricing, increasing by $75 per short ton since early July. The September corn rally improved affordability and encouraged growers to book more forward tons and to book earlier than they did last year. This activity drove healthy retailer demand during the quarter. Although we expect the typical lull in fall buy, our order book is well sold through this period, positioning us to capture additional upside as we enter a healthy spring season.

We also expect support for corn prices as the USDA projects 2026-'27 record world corn consumption exceeding production. That would push global stocks-to-use down to about 21% from 23% last year. Stocks at the major exporters are also shrinking and Europe's drought-damaged crop is down to 48 million tons. We believe these conditions will keep U.S. grower economics stable and support healthy nitrogen demand into the 2027 planting season.

While the path of the geopolitical conflict is difficult to predict, we expect elevated European gas costs to persist through the winter, supporting a constructive nitrogen market through at least spring 2027. As a domestic low-cost supplier to two critical end markets, agriculture and industrial, we will continue to manage our production flexibility to meet demand and capture the best available margins across both.

Now I'll turn the call over to Cheryl to discuss our third quarter financial results and our outlook. Cheryl?

Cheryl Maguire

Thanks, Damien, and good morning. On Page 6, you'll see a summary of our third quarter 2026 financial results. Strong demand across our industrial and agricultural businesses, combined with higher nitric acid and AN solution production and effective commercial execution drove a 55% increase in adjusted EBITDA compared to the third quarter of last year. As of September 30, we have generated more than $220 million of adjusted EBITDA on a trailing 12-month basis, which remains an important reference point as we evaluate the earnings power of the business across different market environments and cycles.

Page 7 bridges our third quarter 2025 adjusted EBITDA of $40 million to our third quarter 2026 adjusted EBITDA of $62 million. Higher selling prices and lower costs more than offset lower sales volumes, primarily driven by the prior turnaround, which was completed in the third quarter. Part of the lower cost relates to precious metals recoveries received in the quarter, which are a normal part of our operations, although amounts realized can vary based on recovery activities.

One other thing worth pointing out is that while we are seeing decreased costs related to our optimization initiatives, SG&A is tracking above 2025 levels, primarily reflecting stock-based compensation relating to a retention arrangement established earlier this year, higher variable compensation, costs associated with the ramp-up of the Leidos trial preparation as well as professional fees related to the acquisition of the carbon capture project and other investments. The majority of these costs are nonrecurring in nature and not expected to continue into 2027.

Lastly, on Page 8, you can see that our balance sheet remains solid. We ended the third quarter with more than $200 million in cash, cash equivalents and short-term investments and net leverage of approximately 1.1x. Through the first 9 months of 2026, we generated $132 million of operating cash flow. After subtracting $58 million of sustaining capital, we generated approximately $74 million of free cash flow through September 30.

We also invested approximately $31 million in growth-related projects, including approximately $24 million for the acquisition and development of the carbon capture project at our El Dorado facility.

Looking ahead to the remainder of 2026, demand remains strong across both our industrial and agricultural businesses. Pricing also remains favorable with Tampa Ammonia settled at $545 per metric ton for October and NOLA UAN currently trading around $390 per ton, while natural gas costs have averaged approximately $3 per MMBtu so far in the fourth quarter. Together, these conditions position us to deliver another strong quarter of earnings and cash flow for our shareholders.

And now I'll turn it back over to Mark.

Mark Behrman

Thank you, Cheryl. Turning to Page 9. I'd like to spend a few minutes discussing the progress we've made on our value creation initiatives over the past several years as well as the opportunities that lie ahead. Coming out of 2023, we announced a focused effort to achieve an additional $55 million of run rate adjusted EBITDA through increased ammonia production and greater focus on upgrading that ammonia into high-value downstream products, including nitric acid, ammonium nitrate solution and UAN.

We've also been focused on fixed and variable cost optimization, process efficiency and cost reduction. As a reminder, at the end of 2025, we had achieved approximately $20 million of annual run rate improvement. I'm pleased to report that we expect to add another $15 million of annual EBITDA improvement by the end of 2026. That would bring us to approximately $35 million in cumulative annual run rate improvements against our $55 million target. We expect to capture another $15 million to $20 million of annual EBITDA improvement by the end of 2027. In addition to these operational improvements, we continue to make progress on our carbon capture and sequestration or CCS project at El Dorado.

To quickly recap, our investment in assuming full ownership of the El Dorado CCS project is being made in stages tied to key milestones as we focus on project development, permitting, construction, et cetera. Full ownership of the project provides us with the enhanced commercial flexibility to optimize the use of our CO2 and evaluate future expansion opportunities without limitations.

Although the published EPA underground injection control Class VI permit tracker reflects a potential operational date in the second half of 2027, based on our continued engagement with senior officials from the EPA's Region 6 office, we believe an earlier operational date is possible depending on the timing of the EPA's completion of its review. When fully operational, we expect to generate between $25 million and $30 million of annual earnings, net of any operating costs associated with CCS operations over the 12-year 45Q credit period.

Turning to the potential expansion of our ammonia production capacity at El Dorado. We expect to complete a FEED study and move to FID sometime during the second quarter of 2027. Should we decide to move forward, we would look to complete the project alongside the planned 2029 turnaround at the El Dorado site.

Once completed, we expect the expansion to add approximately 100,000 tons of annual ammonia production capacity, which we estimate could generate between $20 million and $25 million of incremental annual EBITDA, depending on the ammonia pricing market. We expect the total net project cost to be between $105 million and $120 million. And we anticipate that this project will be funded with existing cash on our balance sheet.

To bring all of this together, we are making meaningful progress towards generating approximately $100 million in cumulative incremental annualized EBITDA from initiatives launched since 2023. We expect to have captured approximately $35 million in annual run rate operational improvements by the end of 2026 with further operational improvements and our CCS project expected to contribute an additional $40 million to $50 million in annual run rate improvement by the end of 2027. Looking further ahead, the potential El Dorado ammonia expansion represents an additional $20 million to $25 million of incremental annual EBITDA should we proceed and complete the project in 2029.

I'm incredibly proud of the team and their dedication, hard work and discipline they bring to these efforts every day. The progress we've made is a direct reflection of their commitment to continuous improvement. We're excited about what we've accomplished and just as importantly, what lies ahead. We have a lot of opportunity.

Lastly, our trial against Leidos Engineering began earlier this week and is expected to last 3 to 4 weeks. While no outcome is guaranteed, we believe we have a strong case. We will not be commenting further on the case while the trial is underway.

Before we open it up for questions, I'd like to mention that Damien and I will be attending the RBC Global Industrials Conference in New York on November 17. We look forward to speaking with some of you there.

That concludes our prepared remarks, and we will now be happy to answer any of your questions. Thank you.

Operator

[Operator Instructions] Our first question today is coming from Lucas Beaumont from UBS.

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Lucas Beaumont

I just wanted to start on kind of the benefits that you've been getting in the IM market with the supply disruptions there. So I guess my prior understanding was that maybe 10% of the volumes were going out at higher spot earnings levels there. I mean just thinking about, I guess, as the supply disruptions continue through early or mid part of next year and then start to revert. I was wondering if you could come up with a way to maybe size what the, I guess, the over-earning has been while the supply disruption has been in place either from a pricing point of view on the spot sales versus where contract pricing is? Or I mean, if you're able to size it in terms of EBITDA, just to think about how that kind of rolls off as we...

Mark Behrman

Damien, do you want to start off with that one?

Damien Renwick

Yes. Lucas, I think, I mean, directionally, the 10% is right. We would expect that to continue on all the way up until the supply issues are resolved sort of towards the end of first half next year. And, yes, again, I would just expect it to continue in line with what we've been doing.

Lucas Beaumont

Okay. And then I guess, just on the order book for the fourth quarter. So I mean, there's a fairly wide disconnect at the moment between where pricing has been and where the cost curve is. I mean, I'm expecting that's going to sort of need to move up into the spring. But I guess the timing is a bit uncertain here, and it's a bit uncertain around, I guess, the specific kind of product slates like ammonia versus UAN and so on.

So I just kind of wanted to get your view there on where you -- I guess, one, where you see pricing going relative to the cost curve? And then two, I mean, if we see a move higher, what's kind of locked in, in terms of your order book now coming out of a lower price period in the third quarter. So will we sort of capture some of that uplift into 4Q? Or are you going to kind of need to wait for the spring to kind of see more of that if that rolls through?

Mark Behrman

Yes. We're pretty bullish on where pricing is today and where it's going. I mean I think you just saw yesterday that Tampa Ammonia moved up slightly less than $100, driven by lots of things that are happening globally on top of, obviously, what's going on in the Middle East. As far as the order book, we're probably 70% or so sold for the fourth quarter. So we do have some upside. And of course, we're significantly less sold for the first quarter. So we'll have a lot of upside there.

Lucas Beaumont

Great. Also just the USDA has sort of been reporting the grant issuances recently for a number of projects. I know you guys had sort of submitted to try and sort of get match funding there on the El Dorado projects, but I didn't see that one announced. I'm not clear that allocated all of the funding yet, but I just wanted to ask if you had any update on that front. Do you know that, I guess, either you didn't get it or you're, kind of, still in the mix and it potentially hasn't been announced yet? Or what's kind of the latest there?

Mark Behrman

Yes. So, to be clear, we already have one grant from the old USDA grant program. And so that's roughly around $30 million, and that's for the expansion of ammonia production and debottlenecking of the ammonia plant at El Dorado. So that's locked in, and we're already working with the USDA and things go back and forth. And it's a reimbursement on an ongoing basis when we incur costs.

As far as, I'll call it, Phase 2 expansion down at El Dorado, which was to build some new assets, we did submit a project. There was a scoring system. They selected those eight projects for my understanding is the full amount. And yes, so we're still in conversations with them. I mean it's entirely possible that one of those eight that were chosen doesn't use all the money, doesn't use any of the money. I mean there's still things moving around. But no, we were not initially chosen for that, and it was a bit of a head scratcher on some of the projects, to be honest.

Operator

Our next question today is coming from Andrew Wong from RBC Capital Markets.

Andrew Wong

Now that you've had the plants running for a few months after the major turnaround, can you just give us a better sense on where you think nameplate production is today? What's a realistic normalized level for annual production across the fleet? And what do you think is like the upper limit that you could produce at right now?

Mark Behrman

Well, I think the turnarounds have left us in a really great place. So I'll start with El Dorado. So nameplate capacity for the plant when we actually started the plant is 1,150 tons per day. Having said that, we've been running significantly over that for a while. But I would say plus or minus 1,300 tons a day is where we had been before the turnaround.

Ammonia plants run at different rates summer versus winter. Just cooler weather allows them to run at higher rates, airflow, cooling systems, things like that. So we came out of the turnaround, and we're running about between 1,350 and 1,370. And we think we can run at higher rates in the cooler weather. So I'm kind of loath to throw another number out there, but higher than 1,370 in the winter. So again, pretty significant increase after the work that we did during the turnaround, and we're excited about that.

At Pryor, I think it was less about increase in rate and more about reliability. So that plant runs generally between 675 tons and 700 tons a day, depending on summer/winter. And we're at those rates, and we're expecting to run more reliably than we have historically. With Cherokee, generally speaking, that plant has run pretty well for a number of years and continues to run at 520 tons to 530 tons on a daily rate basis.

So what does that all mean on an annual basis? If we had no turnarounds in a year and we were running full out on our ammonia plants, we're probably 875,000 tons to 900,000 tons a year.

Andrew Wong

Great. That's great. That's really helpful. And then I guess kind of related to that would be your costs, right? Because the better you have on your production, the lower fixed cost per ton and you had a pretty good quarter. Can you talk about what you would see as sustainable going forward relative to what we saw this quarter?

Mark Behrman

First, I would say we had a really good quarter. Really good. Sustainable, you're talking about margins, you're talking about production, I didn't quite get that.

Andrew Wong

Like when we look at costs, excluding nat gas and other things that -- what I consider non -- what is considered controllable cost, they look really good this quarter. So how sustainable would you think that number is going forward? I know you don't have a specific number...

Cheryl Maguire

Andrew, let me just jump in on that one for a minute. So a couple of things. Costs are lower in the third quarter. We did build some inventory heading into the fourth quarter. And so of course, that does take some cost out of the P&L. And then we did have some precious metal recoveries. As you know, we use precious metals in our acid process, and we do have pretty standard routine recoveries from time to time. Sometimes they're just higher given the cost of the pricing of precious metals, things like that.

But then from a sustainable perspective, look, we're doing a lot of work on our margins right now and how we look at the efficiency of our maintenance organization, our gas efficiency, how we're handling our product. And so we're not -- you don't have scrap product, things like that. That's all very sustainable, and we'll continue as we ramp up our improvements into next year. So I would say if you're looking at the quarter. And you take out, kind of, the inventory build, that's timing, it's swings and some of the precious metals, you're looking at probably half of it being sustainable going forward.

Andrew Wong

Okay. That's great. That's helpful. And then just one last one for me is on your cash balance, it's pretty large right now. You're cash flowing pretty well. I know you have some expansion projects and things like that, that you're looking to do, but there's still a lot of cash that's available. So any thoughts on what you'll do with that, maybe just hang on to it for now in case something opportunistically comes up?

Mark Behrman

I think that's probably a good bet that we are looking to grow, and we want to keep some dry powder to see if there are some assets that will come up that fit our portfolio and makes sense for us. The other thing that I think we'll start doing -- and you're right, I think we're a lot more comfortable that we're cash generating now and cash generating fairly well. So I think you'll start to see us execute. We have a stock buyback authorization from the Board. And I think that we'll try and be -- even if it's small every quarter, be buying some stock back in where we think it makes sense and where it's efficient to do that.

Operator

[Operator Instructions] Our next question is coming from Rob McGuire from Granite Research.

Robert McGuire

What are you seeing in terms of nitric acid demand just from MDI tariffs and countervailing duties? I'm wondering if that is shaping the market at this point to be a stronger market in the U.S. going forward? And anything you can give us color on there?

Mark Behrman

Damien?

Damien Renwick

Yes. Rob, I think it's -- the market has found a good equilibrium. I mean the duties have been in place for some time now, and the market locally is, I think, has increased production up to where it can sustainably run. And we've seen that through our own offtake. So I think, yes, it's been generally a positive thing. I wouldn't foresee any major changes going forward other than BASF has started the commissioning process for its new facility in Geismar. So I think that's generally good, and that will take nitric acid from the market. So we'll see that growth, but that's been coming for a long time.

Robert McGuire

And then can you elaborate on the variable costs and other costs discussed in the waterfall? Does the $3 million variable represent the SG&A you referenced that will not be there in 2028? And any other color? I'm curious about the $8 million of fixed costs, how you view that in terms of longevity of fixed costs showing up in the waterfall?

Cheryl Maguire

Yes. So, a couple of quick things there, Rob. On the variable cost, it's primarily sulfur. We do have a small sulfuric acid business, as you know. So we do buy sulfur. That gets passed along though in the selling prices. So, net-net, the higher variable costs there are going to be passed along through higher pricing.

The other amount that you referenced on the bridge, that's -- I'll elaborate just a bit more. That's, as I mentioned earlier, related to a couple of different things. One, some precious metals recoveries that we got in the period. We do precious metal recovery pretty routinely. The timing and amounts can vary, though, based on the price of metals and things like that. So we did have some precious metal recoveries.

And then, in addition to that, we are doing a lot of work around the efficiency of our operations in terms of our maintenance teams, handling of product, scrap product, things like that. So that lowers your cost base overall, and that's part of that $8 million. I would say it's about 50%. We should see that going forward, and that should continue to accelerate as we continue on our optimization path.

Mark Behrman

Yes. Just to add on to that. I mean, we've discussed this, Rob, on a couple of calls now about the -- or maybe for a while, even longer than that, about the efficiencies and the cost optimization that we're really focused on. So I think we tend to talk about, which makes sense, increased production and lowering our fixed cost per ton, but a lot of that is not just about increasing our production. It's also now focusing on how do we reduce cost and become more efficient as a business as we've now worked to get our reliability and our production up. So we expect a lot of this to be sustainable, and that's the goal is every year to figure out how we can continue to try and offset inflation and hopefully continue to reduce some costs.

Robert McGuire

That's very helpful color. And then I was wondering just with regards to the fall application season, can you discuss just how it's gone so far, how you anticipate it finishing up? And any other color on what's going on in the present?

Damien Renwick

Yes. Look, we're optimistic that as we move into the bigger chunk of fall application, that will be pretty robust. I think there's a weather watch at the moment. It's been pretty warm and dry in parts, and harvest has been running behind in some parts of the country. So that's -- we're watching that, but we still think that the fall period will be pretty much in line with past seasons. We think there's a lot of incentive there for application given where ammonia prices are at. There was a good chunk of purchases when the corn price rallied back in September. But admittedly, that has softened a little bit in the last few weeks. But I think, generally speaking, the growers will be pretty aggressive and look to set themselves up for spring next year.

Operator

Next question is coming from Vitaly Kononov from Freedom Capital Markets.

Vitaly Kononov

Well, I'd like to ask what does the turnaround calendar look for 2027?

Mark Behrman

Yes. For 2027, we have one turnaround set for our Cherokee, Alabama facility, and that will be in September of next year.

Vitaly Kononov

Okay. And can you just confirm [Technical Difficulty]

Operator

And we have lost Vitaly. We reached the end of our question-and-answer session. I'd like to turn the floor back over for any further or closing comments.

Mark Behrman

Great. Well, as always, I appreciate everyone who joined the call and listened in on the call. I'm happy to answer any other questions. As a follow-up, if you have them, feel free to call myself or Cheryl. And thank you, and have a great day.

Operator

Thank you. That does conclude today's teleconference. You may disconnect your line at this time, and have a wonderful day. We thank you for your participation today.