포레스타(FOR) 2026 회계연도 4분기 실적 발표 컨퍼런스 콜: 2027년 매출 가이던스

핵심 요약

• 포스타(NYSE: FOR)는 2026 회계연도 4분기 매출 5억 8,080만 달러, 포스타 귀속 순이익 5,920만 달러(희석 주당순이익 1.15달러)를 기록했다.
• 연간 매출은 16억 달러를 기록했으며, 포스타 귀속 순이익은 총 1억 4,260만 달러(희석 주당순이익 2.78달러)로 집계됐다.
• 4분기 매출총이익률은 760만 달러 규모의 부동산 손상차손과 프로젝트 마감 비용 증가 영향으로 전년 동기의 22.3%에서 17.8%로 하락했다. 해당 항목을 제외한 매출총이익률은 20.8%였다.
• 포스타는 13억 달러의 유동성과 6.7%의 순부채 자본 비율로 한 해를 마무리했다. 주당 순자산가치(BPS)는 8% 증가한 37.56달러를 기록했다.
• 경영진은 2027 회계연도 매출을 14억~15억 달러, 필지 인도량을 1만 2,000~1만 3,000개로 예상하며, 하반기 실적이 상반기를 상회할 것으로 전망했다.
• 주택 구매력 제약, 신중한 소비 심리, 높은 모기지 금리는 신축 주택 수요와 주택 건설업체의 필지 매입에 단기적인 부담으로 작용하고 있다.

핵심 재무 데이터

9월 30일 기준 포스타는 6억 5,700만 달러의 비제한성 현금과 회전한도대출 여력 6억 5,800만 달러를 보유하고 있다. 총부채는 7억 9,400만 달러로, 2028 회계연도까지 만기가 도래하는 선순위 채권은 없다. 주주 지분은 총 19억 달러이다.

사업 및 영업 실적

포스타는 4분기 동안 토지 매입 및 개발에 2억 9,900만 달러, 연간 기준 13억 달러를 투자했다. 두 금액의 약 80%는 개발에, 20%는 토지 매입에 사용됐다. 회사는 평균 재고자산 대비 최소 15%의 세전 수익률 달성과 36개월 이내의 초기 현금 투자금 회수를 지속적인 목표로 삼고 있다.

회사는 연말 기준 소유 필지 5만 8,200개와 매매 계약을 통해 확보한 필지 2만 6,200개를 포함해 총 8만 4,400개의 필지를 확보하고 있었다. 소유한 완성 필지는 전분기 대비 16% 감소한 8,100개로, 대부분 매각 계약이 체결된 상태다.

포스타는 약 2억 달러 규모의 확정 계약금으로 뒷받침되는 소유 필지 2만 1,500개에 대해 매매 계약을 체결한 상태였다. 경영진은 이 계약들을 통해 향후 22억 달러의 매출이 발생할 것으로 예상했다. 또 다른 소유 필지 1만 8,600개는 디알호튼(D.R. Horton)에 대한 우선제안권 대상이었다.

디알호튼은 여전히 포스타의 최대 고객이다. 2026 회계연도에 디알호튼이 착공한 주택의 14%가 포스타가 개발한 필지에 위치했다. 또한 포스타는 25개 이상의 주택 건설업체와 8곳의 신규 고객을 포함해 디알호튼 외 고객에게 연간 물량의 14%에 해당하는 1,916개의 필지를 판매했다.

경영진은 계약업체 및 자재 수급이 견조하게 유지되었으며, 지속적인 정부 관련 인허가 지연에도 불구하고 개발 비용과 소요 기간이 안정적이었다고 밝혔다. 포스타는 규모가 작고 회전이 빠른 프로젝트, 공급 부족 시장, 다양한 주택 유형을 제공하는 개발 프로젝트를 우선시하고 있다.

경영진 가이던스

2027 회계연도에 대해 경영진은 다음과 같이 전망하고 있다.

• 매출 14억~15억 달러.
• 필지 인도량 1만 2,000~1만 3,000개.
• 토지 매입 및 개발에 약 13억 달러를 투자하되, 대부분의 자금은 개발에 집중.
• 인원수는 비교적 보합 유지.
• 1분기가 필지 인도량과 매출 측면에서 가장 저조한 분기가 될 것이며, 하반기 실적은 상반기를 상회할 것으로 예상.

경영진은 현재 수요에 맞춰 프로젝트 단계와 투자 속도를 지속해서 조정하는 한편, 프로젝트 수익성을 극대화하기 위해 판매 속도와 가격 책정의 균형을 맞출 것이라고 밝혔다.

리스크 및 주시해야 할 사항

높은 모기지 금리로 인해 주택 구매력 제약이 지속되고 있으며, 신중한 소비 심리가 신축 주택 수요에 부담을 주고 있다. 건설업체들은 모기지 금리 인하 지원책을 활용하는 한편, 공사 기간을 단축하고 주택 및 완성 필지 재고를 보다 엄격하게 관리하고 있어 포스타의 필지 판매 시기와 물량에 영향을 미치고 있다.

4분기 이익률 하락은 프로젝트별 집행 및 규제 리스크도 부각시켰다. 포스타는 2개 프로젝트에서 760만 달러의 손상차손을 기록했으며, 또 다른 개발 사업을 마감하면서 추가 법률 비용, 빗물 정화 처리 및 유지 관리 비용을 지출했다.

경영진은 분기별 평균 판매 가격이 지역 및 필지 규모 조합에 따라 변동될 것으로 예상한다. 2026 회계연도 동안 개발 소요 기간은 안정적이었으나, 정부 관련 인허가 지연은 여전히 영업상 제약 요인으로 남아 있다.

애널리스트 Q&A 하이라이트

경영진은 디알호튼 주택의 3분의 1을 포스타가 개발한 필지 위에 지으려는 공동 목표를 달성하려면 포스타가 지리적으로 더 빠르게 확장해야 한다고 밝혔다. 포스타는 디알호튼의 약 130개 시장과 비교해 65개 시장에서 영업 중이며, 서부 지역 확장을 통해 2027 회계연도 및 2028 회계연도에 성과를 낼 것으로 기대하고 있다.

자본 배분에 대한 질문에 경영진은 자사주 매입보다 사업 재투자가 최우선 과제라고 답했다. 포스타는 연말 기준 6억 5,700만 달러의 비제한성 현금을 보유하고 있음에도 2027 회계연도에 약 13억 달러를 투자할 계획이다.

또한 경영진은 4분기 후반에 잠재적 인수 기회가 증가했다고 밝혔다. 이러한 기회는 경영진이 표현한 '더 어려워질 수 있는 영업 환경'에 앞서 가치를 실현하려는 민간 주택 건설·개발업체들과 주로 관련되어 있었다.

이익률과 관련해 경영진은 대형 토지 매각 및 손상차손을 제외한 핵심 필지 판매 이익률이 전년도 21.3%에서 2026 회계연도 21%를 기록했다고 강조했다. 또한 토지 개발 활동 축소와 계약업체 수급 개선으로 인플레이션 압력이 완화될 경우 직접 비용을 절감할 수 있는 기회가 생길 수 있다고 전했다.

실적 발표 콘퍼런스 콜 전체 전문

전체 실적 발표 컨퍼런스 콜 녹취록

경영진 발표

Operator

Good morning, and welcome to Forestar's Fourth Quarter and Fiscal 2026 Earnings Conference Call. [Operator Instructions]

I will now turn the call over to Chris Hibbetts, Vice President of Finance and Investor Relations for Forestar.

Chris Hibbetts

Thank you, Matthew. Good morning, and welcome to the call to discuss Forestar's fourth quarter and fiscal year results. Thank you for joining us.

Before we get started, today's call includes forward-looking statements as defined by the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Although Forestar believes any such statements are based on reasonable assumptions, there is no assurance that actual outcomes will not be materially different. All forward-looking statements are based upon information available to Forestar on the date of this conference call, and we do not undertake any obligation to update or revise any forward-looking statements publicly. Additional information about factors that could lead to material changes in performance is contained in Forestar's annual report on Form 10-K and its most recent quarterly report on Form 10-Q, both of which are filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission. Our earnings release is available on our website at investor.forestar.com, and we plan to file our 10-K in the next few weeks.

After this call, we will post an updated investor presentation to our Investor Relations site under Events and Presentations for your reference. Now I will turn the call over to Andy Oxley, our President and CEO.

Anthony Oxley

Thanks, Chris. Good morning, everyone. I'm also joined on the call today by Jim Allen, our Chief Financial Officer; and Mark Walker, our Chief Operating Officer.

Before discussing our fourth quarter and fiscal year results, I want to recognize Don Tomnitz. As announced in yesterday's press release, Don will retire as Executive Chairman of Forestar effective October 31. His leadership has played a vital role in shaping the company's strategic direction and driving its significant growth. We are deeply grateful for his dedicated service and many contributions, and we wish him all the best in retirement.

Now turning to the results. The Forestar team had a solid finish to the fiscal year, generating over $580 million of revenue in the fourth quarter and $1.6 billion for the full year within our most recent guidance range. Ongoing affordability constraints and cautious consumer sentiment continue to weigh on new home sales and higher mortgage interest rates added further pressure during the quarter. Despite these challenges, we increased our book value per share by 8% to $37.56 at year-end and further strengthened our balance sheet, ending the year with $1.3 billion of liquidity while continuing to position us to achieve our long-term objectives.

Over the last 5 years, we have invested more than $7 billion in land acquisition and development and delivered approximately 75,000 finished lots to local, regional, and national homebuilders. During the same period, our book value per share increased 83%. These results reflect the strength of our business model and teams that we have built across our national footprint.

For fiscal 2027, we will continue to allocate capital prudently, manage inventories efficiently and focus on generating solid returns to strengthen our market-leading presence in the highly fragmented lot development industry. With a differentiated combination of financial resilience, deep expertise, and a substantial operating platform, we are well equipped to supply homebuilders with the finished lots they need while successfully navigating current market dynamics.

Jim will now discuss our fourth quarter and fiscal 2026 financial returns in more detail.

James Allen

Thank you, Andy. In the fourth quarter, net income attributable to Forestar was $59.2 million or $1.15 per diluted share on revenue of $580.8 million. Fourth quarter revenue includes $38.7 million in tract sales and other revenue. For the year, net income attributable to Forestar was $142.6 million or $2.78 per diluted share on $1.6 billion of revenue, which includes $129.1 million of tract sales and other revenue. We sold 5,004 lots during the quarter, bringing our total lots sold for the full fiscal year to 13,545. Our average sales price was $108,300 for the quarter and $111,200 for the year. We expect continued quarterly fluctuations in our average sales price based on the geographic location and lot size mix of the lots we sell.

Our gross profit margin for the fourth quarter was 17.8% compared to 22.3% for the same quarter of fiscal 2025. This quarter's margin was reduced by higher costs to close out one project due to increased regulatory compliance requirements as well as $7.6 million of real estate impairment charges related to two projects. Excluding these items, our gross profit margin would have been 20.8%. Our gross profit margin for the year was 19.7%. Excluding those same items, our full year gross profit margin would have been 20.8%.

Our fourth quarter pretax income was $78.6 million, and our pretax profit margin was 13.5%. Pretax income for the year totaled $192.1 million, and our pretax profit margin this year was 11.7%. Pretax income and profit margin for the quarter and the year were reduced by the items I just mentioned and partially offset by a $10 million gain on sale of assets in the fourth quarter. Chris?

Chris Hibbetts

SG&A expense for the fourth quarter decreased 10% to $38.4 million, representing 6.6% of revenue. The decline compared to the same quarter in fiscal 2025 was largely driven by lower headcount and variable compensation. For the year, SG&A expense decreased 2% to $151 million or 9.2% of revenue. We remain focused on managing SG&A efficiently while maintaining strong teams across our national footprint to support future growth. We expect headcount to remain relatively flat in fiscal 2027. Mark?

Mark Walker

Ongoing affordability constraints and cautious consumer sentiment continue to weigh on new home demand. Buydown incentives offered by builders are helping to bridge the affordability gap. However, recent increases in mortgage rates are further constraining affordability. Meanwhile, homebuilders remain focused on shortening cycle times and efficiently managing their inventory of homes and finished lots, which is affecting the timing and volume of finished lot purchases. Our primary focus remains developing lots for new homes at prices for entry-level and first-time buyers, which is the largest segment of the new home market.

However, we maintain the flexibility to pursue projects targeting other segments of the new home market as well as those offering multiple product types. Availability of contractors and necessary materials remain solid. Land development costs have been stable, which have been helped by our team actively working with trade partners on project costs and taking advantage of less land development activity occurring across the industry. We have also seen stable cycle times despite continued governmental delays. Our teams utilize best management practices and work closely with our trade partners to develop lots to drive operational efficiency. Jim?

James Allen

D.R. Horton is our largest and most important customer. In fiscal 2026, 14% of the homes D.R. Horton started were on a Forestar-developed lot. With a mutually stated goal of one out of every three homes D.R. Horton sells to be on a lot developed by Forestar, we have a significant opportunity to grow our share of their business.

We also continue to expand our relationships with other homebuilders. In fiscal 2026, we sold 1,916 lots or 14% of our total to customers other than D.R. Horton. This includes 146 lots sold to a lot banker who expects to sell those lots to D.R. Horton at a future date. Excluding those lots, sales to other homebuilders were the highest percentage of our annual lot sales since 2018. We sold lots to more than 25 different homebuilders this year, including eight new customers. Chris?

Chris Hibbetts

Our underwriting criteria for new development projects remains unchanged at a minimum 15% pretax return on average inventory and a return of our initial cash investment within 36 months. During the fourth quarter, we invested $299 million in land acquisition and development. And for the full year, we invested $1.3 billion. For both the fourth quarter and full year, approximately 80% of our investment was for development and 20% was for land. In fiscal 2027, we currently expect to invest approximately $1.3 billion in land acquisition and development.

For new investments, we are prioritizing projects that are in undersupplied markets, smaller and faster turning or offer multiple product types. For land development, we are aligning our investment pace with current demand through disciplined project phasing and subphasing. As industry-wide development activity slows and higher rates pressure homebuilders and developers, our ongoing commitment to both new and existing projects keeps us well positioned to deliver finished lots to the market. Mark?

Mark Walker

Our lot position at September 30 was 84,400 lots, of which 58,200 or 69% are owned and 26,200 or 31% are controlled through purchase contracts. Of our owned lots, 8,100 are finished, down 16% from the third quarter. Majority of our finished lots are under contract to be sold. Consistent with our focus on capital efficiency, we target owning a three- to four-year supply of land and lots and manage our development phases to deliver finished lots at a pace that matches market demand.

At year-end, 21,500 or 37% of our owned lots were under contract to sell. Approximately $200 million of hard earnest money deposits secure these contracts, which are expected to generate $2.2 billion of future revenue. Our contracted backlog supports our ability to continue gaining market share. Another 18,600 lots or 32% of our owned lots are subject to a right of first offer to D.R. Horton based on executed purchase and sale agreements. Jim?

James Allen

We have significant liquidity and are using modest leverage to keep our balance sheet strong. We ended the year with $1.3 billion of liquidity, including $657 million of unrestricted cash and $658 million of available capacity on our undrawn revolving credit facility.

Total debt at September 30 was $794 million with no senior note maturities until fiscal 2028, and our net debt-to-capital ratio was 6.7%. Stockholders' equity at year-end was $1.9 billion, and our book value per share increased 8% from a year ago to $37.56.

Forestar's capital structure is one of our biggest competitive advantages and sets us apart from other land developers. Project-level land acquisition and development loans are less available today and continue to be more expensive, which affects the majority of our competitors. Those loans are generally more restrictive, carry floating rates and create administrative complexity, particularly in a higher interest rate environment. Our capital structure provides us with financial and operational flexibility, and our strong liquidity positions us to take advantage of attractive opportunities when they arise. Andy, I will now turn it back to you for closing remarks.

Anthony Oxley

Thanks, Jim. Fiscal 2026 was a solid year for Forestar. We generated $1.6 billion of revenue and grew book value per share by 8%. We continue to execute our strategy by investing in land acquisition and development across our broad operating platform. We also strengthened our balance sheet, ending the year with $1.3 billion of liquidity.

Thank you to all of the Forestar team members for your continued efforts this year. As we look forward to fiscal 2027, based on current market conditions, we expect to deliver between 12,000 and 13,000 lots and to generate $1.4 billion to $1.5 billion of revenue. Similar to fiscal 2026, we currently expect our first quarter will be our lowest lot delivery and revenue quarter of the year, and we expect our lot deliveries and revenues in the second half of fiscal 2027 to be higher than the first half. We are closely monitoring each market as we strive to balance pace and price to maximize returns for each project.

Forestar has consistently demonstrated its ability to navigate changing market conditions. While we expect home affordability constraints and cautious homebuyers to remain near-term headwinds for new home demand, we are confident in the long-term demand for finished lots and our ability to gain market share in the highly fragmented lot development industry. We are well positioned for continued success with our portfolio across our diverse national footprint, operating expertise and strong balance sheet. Matthew, at this time, we'll open the line for questions.

Operator

[Operator Instructions] Our first question is coming from Ryan Gilbert from BTIG.

질의응답

Ryan Gilbert

I'm wondering if you could talk in a little more detail about how you plan to achieve the mutually stated goal of 1/3 of D.R. Horton's deliveries on Forestar lots and maybe some specific levers that you can pull in '27 or '28 to make progress towards that goal. It just seems like if you're going to do 12,000 to 13,000 lot sales in '27, that's a deeper year-over-year decline than what Horton is guiding to currently.

Anthony Oxley

Thanks, Ryan. We have made significant progress on that 1/3 in a lot of markets. It's just that they're in so many more markets than we are. We're in 65 markets and they're in around 130. So overall, we have to grow at a faster pace than they grow, which has been a challenge. But as we've scaled up the organization, particularly with our growth out West, we think we can make meaningful progress in '27 and into '28.

Ryan Gilbert

Okay. Got it. And then just on the cash balance, $650 million. Can you talk about how you're thinking about deploying that into land versus potentially strategic opportunities or even buying back the stock, given where it's trading?

James Allen

Yes, Ryan. So we're still planning to invest $1.3 billion in land and development. The majority of that will be in development for fiscal '27. As far as stock buybacks, it's not that the current stock price isn't compelling. We just believe that the highest priority for our cash is to reinvest in the business and the long-term growth opportunity that this company has.

Ryan Gilbert

Okay. Understood. And then last one for me, just given the weakening in the end market, the housing market over the last few months, are you seeing any distressed opportunities start to emerge in any of the markets that you're operating and that could be a potential opportunity to deploy that cash? When we had talked, I think probably coming up on five or six months ago now, it seemed like there was pretty limited opportunities on the distressed front.

Mark Walker

We are seeing more opportunities pick up, particularly in the back half of the quarter. We're reviewing each of those opportunities as they present themselves, and we think that there will be more opportunities as the year persists.

Ryan Gilbert

Any detail that you could provide there? I'm wondering if maybe you're seeing some opportunities come out of the land banking competition.

Anthony Oxley

Haven't really seen it out of the land banking competition. I think it's more around private builder developers that are looking at what happened in '26 and what the forecast is for '27. And they're looking for ways to unlock the value of their organizations that they've built, understanding that the next year or longer may be a rougher environment.

Operator

[Operator Instructions] Your next question is coming from Paul Przybylski from Wolfe Research.

Paul Przybylski

To start off, I was wondering, could you frame the gross margin degradation between, maybe higher input costs or some better pricing you may have to offer your customers?

James Allen

The lower gross margin in the quarter was really caused by a couple of unusual factors. We had two impairments in the quarter for $7.6 million. And then the closeout of another project that had additional costs for legal and regulatory requirements around on-site stormwater remediation and maintenance. Those two things together really -- if you exclude those, our gross profit would be 20.8%. And really within kind of our normalized gross margin that we've seen for the last several years between 20% and 23%.

Anthony Oxley

We really haven't seen increases in costs. Earlier in the year, we actually had started to see some decreases in certain components. I think those in the second half of the year were largely offset by some other increases, particularly related to fuel. But really, pricing has been pretty stabilized and contractor availability definitely has improved.

Mark Walker

And couple that with the reduced land development activity, I think that there will be some opportunities if the inflationary pressures can be reduced to decrease our cost structures, direct costs.

James Allen

I think one other point, too, if you just look at our core lot sales margin, which excludes tract sales and impairments for the year was at 21% compared to 21.3% last year. So we really haven't seen a significant decrease in that core lot sales margin.

Paul Przybylski

Okay. Okay. You mentioned the West being an opportunity to increase your share with Horton to get closer to that 1/3 goal. But that has kind of been one of the weaker demand regions. Do you go ahead and purchase lots now? Or do you kind of sit on the sidelines and wait until that market stabilizes so you can get a better understanding on your underwriting?

Anthony Oxley

So we're focused on our smaller, quicker turning deals. We're not looking to do really large projects. And particularly where the Horton team has a great pipeline, we're able to open up and very efficiently start to expand in those markets. And we've seen that have good success over the last couple of years that we'll continue with that program.

Mark Walker

The other thing, too, is we have a very robust pipeline. So it's allowing us to select investments that really fit our model. That's something that we're seeing as well.

Paul Przybylski

Okay. And just my last one, to follow up back up on the cost. You really hadn't seen oil, I guess, pricing flow through much in '26. But are you getting surcharges or any increases in '27 that might be a headwind for your margin?

Mark Walker

We are not seeing today any material impact of that. A lot of that's due to, again, reduced land developer activity, and we're seeing more contractor availability. So the more contractors we have, the better projects. So we're really pushing back on that to the extent that we can. And our teams are working with our trade partners day in, day out to find ways to reduce cost. And if that was to come through, it takes us 12 months to put a lot on the ground. So it's going to take some time for those higher costs to work their way through.

Operator

That concludes our Q&A session. I will now hand the conference back to Andy for closing remarks. Please go ahead.

Anthony Oxley

Thank you, Matthew, and thank you to everyone on the Forestar team for your focus and hard work. As we enter fiscal 2027, continue to stay disciplined, flexible and opportunistic while focusing on consolidating market share. We appreciate everyone's time on the call today and look forward to speaking with you again in January to share our first quarter results.

Operator

Thank you. Everyone, this concludes today's event. You may disconnect at this time, and have a wonderful day. Thank you for your participation.