NMI控股 (NMIH) 2026年第三季度业绩电话会：有效保额创纪录，调整后每股收益1.23美元

核心要点

• National MI新增承保额（NIW）达到136亿美元，并在2026年第三季度末实现创纪录的2297亿美元主要在保保额。
• 总营收为1.875亿美元，而2026年第二季度为1.879亿美元，2025年第三季度为1.787亿美元。
• 调整后净利润为9370万美元，折合摊薄后每股收益1.23美元；调整后净资产收益率为13.9%。
• 赔付支出从上一季度的1310万美元增至2910万美元，反映出正常的季节性因素以及承保资产组合的规模增长与逐渐成熟。
• 该公司为截至2030年产生的所有新业务锁定了再保险保障，预计税前资本成本为4%。
• National MI在本季度回购了2710万美元的普通股。管理层预计，近期股票回购节奏将与近期水平大致保持一致。

关键财务数据

*不包括投资组合中的未实现净收益和亏损。

业务与经营业绩

12个月保单留存率为80.8%，低于第二季度的81.4%。管理层表示，近期降幅较为温和，并似乎在10月企稳，但未来的保单留存率仍将取决于房贷利率走向。

扣除再保险成本和退保收益后的核心收益率为33.4个基点，而上一季度为33.6个基点。管理层表示，在累积房屋净值以及与房屋净值贷款或授信额度相关的更新评估支持下，由借款人主动发起的房贷保险退保规模依然显著。

National MI报告称，截至9月30日违约案例为8571起，高于6月30日的8020起。季度末违约率为1.23%。违约治愈率从29%降至26%，管理层认为这属于正常的季节性波动，而非信贷表现意外恶化。

该公司针对每起新增违约通知计提了约13500美元的准备金，与第二季度的14000美元大致相当。管理层表示，较新年份保单的赔付频率和严重程度上升，反映出房价升值环境不如早期贷款有利，但与公司预期相比并未发生重大季度变化。

资本与再保险

National MI于10月签署了新的成数再保险和超额赔款再保险合同。两项协议共同为截至2030年产生的所有新业务提供远期再保险保障，预计税前资本成本为4%。

管理层表示，公司在对新保单定价时基于总保费基础，不假定存在再保险。因此，有利的条款虽能提升资本效率并支持风险管理，但不会直接驱动前端定价决策。

截至季度末，National MI在PMIERs框架下的可用资产总额为38亿美元，而基于风险的最低要求资产为22亿美元，超额可用资产达16亿美元。

该公司在第三季度以43.18美元的均价回购了62.6万股股票，耗资2710万美元。自2022年启动回购计划以来，公司已累计回购4.35亿美元股票，并以30.54美元的均价注销了1430万股。剩余回购授权额度为1.4亿美元。

管理层展望

管理层表示，在长期住房趋势的支持下，公司仍看到了极具吸引力的新业务机会，但同时也坦言，居高不下的房贷利率以及更广泛的宏观经济风险可能会影响住房负担能力及NIW规模。

该公司预计将在支持在保保额内生增长与资本回报之间保持平衡。管理层指出，股票回购目前应会大致保持近期的节奏。

第四季度费用可能包含更高的员工薪酬计提，这与公司在业绩强劲年份的典型季节性特征相符。

风险与关注领域

• 随着资产组合规模增长和成熟，赔付支出较第二季度大幅增加，不过管理层称这一变化符合季节性规律。
• 违约数量环比上升，同时违约治愈率从29%降至26%。
• 借款人主动发起及按计划进行的房贷保险退保可能会对保单留存率和保费收入产生影响。
• 房贷利率仍是影响住房负担能力、再融资活跃度、保单留存率以及新保单需求的重要驱动因素。
• 鉴于宏观经济不确定性依然存在，管理层在定价、风险筛选和再保险方面继续采取审慎积极的应对举措。

分析师问答要点

股票回购：管理层表示，National MI仍聚焦于资本分配，但也必须支持内生增长。公司预计回购将以与近期大致相同的节奏进行，而非立即加速。

保单退保：借款人主动发起的退保增加已持续数年。管理层认为，部分原因在于房主通过二次抵押贷款或房屋净值信用额度提取权益时获得了更新的房产估值，从而能够申请提前退保房贷保险。

损失表现：管理层表示，2022年至2024年承保年份处于10%高段的赔付率符合或优于定价预期。最终结果将取决于现有违约资产的治愈情况以及未来的宏观经济和房地产环境。

行业定价：管理层表示，私营房贷保险市场保持平衡且自律，竞争对手近期行为未出现显著变化。

业绩电话会完整纪要

完整财报电话会议逐字稿

管理层陈述

Operator

Good evening, and welcome to the NMI Holdings, Inc. Third Quarter 2026 Earnings Conference Call. [Operator Instructions] Please note this event is being recorded.

I would now like to hand the conference over to management. Please go ahead.

John Swenson

Thank you, operator. Good afternoon, and welcome to the 2026 Third Quarter Conference Call for National MI. I'm John Swenson, Vice President of Investor Relations and Treasury. Joining us on the call today are Brad Shuster, Executive Chairman; Adam Pollitzer, President and Chief Executive Officer; and Aurora Swithenbank, our Chief Financial Officer.

Financial results for the quarter were released after the close today. The press release may be accessed on NMI's website located at nationalmi.com under the Investors tab. During the course of this call, we may make comments about our expectations for the future. Actual results could differ materially from those contained in these forward-looking statements. Additional information about the factors that could cause actual results or trends to differ materially from those discussed on the call can be found on our website or through our filings with the SEC. If and to the extent the company makes forward-looking statements, we do not undertake any obligation to update those statements in the future in light of subsequent developments.

Further, no one should rely on the fact that the guidance of such statements is current at any time other than the time of this call. Also note that on this call, we may refer to certain non-GAAP measures. In today's press release and on our website, we've provided a reconciliation of these measures to the most comparable measures under GAAP.

Now I'll turn the call over to Brad.

Bradley Shuster

Thank you, John, and good afternoon, everyone. I'm pleased to report that in the third quarter, National MI again delivered standout operating performance, continued growth in our insured portfolio and strong financial results. Our lenders and their borrowers continue to turn to us for critical down payment support. And in the quarter, we generated $13.6 billion of NIW volume ending the period with a record $229.7 billion of high-quality, high-performing primary insurance-in-force.

In Washington, conversations remain focused on promoting broader access and affordability to the housing market. And we believe there is broad recognition of the unique and valuable role that the private mortgage insurance industry plays in this regard. At National MI, we are in the market every day with a clear mandate and purpose, offering a low-cost, high-value solution that helps borrowers bridge the down payment gap dramatically reduce the cash they need at the closing table and buy a home years earlier than they otherwise could.

In the process, we help to make homeownership more affordable and achievable for millions of Americans and communities across the country, with coverage that works to insulate the GSEs and taxpayers from risk and loss in a downturn. We recognize that there is a need now more than ever to support prospective buyers as they look to access the housing market, establish roots in their community of choice and build long-term wealth through homeownership. We're proud of the work we do and the assistance we provide. And to date, we have helped more than 2.2 million borrowers realize their homeownership goals.

With that, let me turn it over to Adam.

Adam Pollitzer

Thank you, Brad, and good afternoon, everyone. National MI continued to perform in the third quarter, delivering significant new business production, consistent growth in our insured portfolio and strong financial results. We generated $13.6 billion of NIW volume and ended the period with a record $229.7 billion of high-quality, high-performing primary insurance-in-force.

Total revenue in the third quarter was $187.5 million, and we delivered adjusted net income of $93.7 million or $1.23 per diluted share and a 13.9% adjusted return on equity. Overall, we had a strong quarter and are confident as we look ahead. The macro environment and housing market have remained resilient.

Despite elevated rates, our lender customers and their borrowers continue to rely on us in size for critical down payment support, and we see an attractive and sustained new business opportunity fueled by long-term secular trends. We have an exceptionally high-quality insured portfolio covered by a comprehensive set of risk transfer solutions and our credit performance continues to stand ahead. We're delivering consistent growth and embedded value gains in our insured book, and we continue to manage our expenses and capital position with discipline and efficiency, building a robust balance sheet that's supported by the significant earnings power of our platform.

Taken together, we see a clear opportunity for continued success. Notwithstanding these strong positives, however, macro risks do remain, and we've maintained a proactive stance with respect to our pricing, risk selection and reinsurance decisioning. It's an approach that has served us well and continues to be the prudent and appropriate course. More broadly, we've been encouraged by the continued discipline that we see across the private MI market. Overall, we had another solid quarter, delivering standout operating performance, consistent growth in our insured portfolio and strong financial results.

Looking ahead, we're well positioned to continue to serve our customers and their borrowers, invest in our employees and their success, drive growth in our high-quality insured portfolio and deliver through the cycle growth, returns and value for our shareholders.

With that, I'll turn it over to Aurora.

Aurora Swithenbank

Thank you, Adam. For the third quarter, we generated $13.6 billion of NIW and our primary insurance-in-force grew to $229.7 billion. 12-month persistency was 80.8% compared to 81.4% in the second quarter. Net premiums earned in the third quarter were $155.5 million compared to $157.5 million in the second quarter and $151.3 million in the third quarter of 2025. Net yield for the quarter was 27.2 basis points. Core yield, which excludes the cost of our reinsurance coverage and the contribution from cancellation earnings was 33.4 basis points compared to 33.6 basis points in the second quarter.

Investment income was $32.2 million in the third quarter compared to $30.3 million in the second quarter and $26.8 million in the third quarter of 2025. Total revenue was $187.5 million in the third quarter compared to $187.9 million in the second quarter and $178.7 million in the third quarter of 2025. Underwriting and operating expenses were $30.8 million in the third quarter compared to $30.5 million in the second quarter. Our expense ratio was 19.8% in the quarter.

We had 8,571 defaults at September 30 compared to 8,020 at June 30, and our default rate was 1.23% at quarter end. Claims expense in the third quarter was $29.1 million compared to $13.1 million in the second quarter and $18.6 million in the third quarter of 2025. Claims experience in the quarter reflects normal seasonal activity and the continued growth and seasoning of our portfolio.

Adjusted net income was $93.7 million compared to $106 million in the second quarter and $95.7 million in the third quarter of 2025. Adjusted diluted earnings per share was $1.23, compared to $1.38 in the second quarter and $1.21 in the third quarter of 2025. Shareholders' equity as of September 30 was $2.7 billion. Book value per share, excluding the impact of net unrealized gains and losses in the investment portfolio was $38.13, up 3% compared to the second quarter and 14% compared to the third quarter of last year.

In the third quarter, we repurchased $27.1 million of common stock, retiring 626,000 shares at an average price of $43.18. Since starting our buyback program in 2022, we've repurchased a total of $435 million of common stock, retiring 14.3 million shares at an average price of $30.54. We have $140 million of repurchase capacity remaining under our existing program.

In October, we entered into a series of new quota share and excess of loss reinsurance treaties, which together further extend our comprehensive credit risk management program and provide us with forward flow coverage for all new business produced through 2030 at an estimated 4% pretax cost of capital. Reinsurance has long been a core pillar of our risk management strategy, working to mitigate the potential impact of credit volatility in our insured portfolio and has consistently provided us with a deep, secure and efficient source of PMIERs growth capital. We have significant experience, strong secondary market relationships and a track record of leading with innovation across the risk transfer spectrum.

The deals we have just secured are among the best we've ever achieved in terms of their cost capacity, duration and structure. And serve to highlight the quality of our insured portfolio and the differentiation we've achieved through our comprehensive credit risk management framework. At quarter end, we reported $3.8 billion of total available assets under PMIERs and $2.2 billion of risk-based required assets. Excess available assets were $1.6 billion.

Overall, we achieved strong financial results during the quarter, delivering consistent growth in our high-quality insured portfolio, continued expense efficiency and significant bottom line profitability, returns and book value growth.

With that, let me turn it back to Adam.

Adam Pollitzer

Thank you, Aurora. We had a strong quarter, once again delivering significant new business production, consistent growth in our high-quality insured portfolio and strong financial results. We have a valuable customer franchise, a talented team driving us forward every day an exceptionally high-quality book covered by a comprehensive set of risk transfer solutions and a robust balance sheet supported by the significant earnings power of our platform.

Taken together, we are well positioned to continue to serve our customers and their borrowers, invest in our employees and their success, drive growth in our high-quality insured portfolio and deliver through the cycle growth, returns and value for our shareholders.

Before turning to Q&A, I also want to take a moment to comment on recent housing policy developments in Washington. On October 22, the President signed a broad executive order focused on lowering housing costs for American families. We share his goals and are proud to already be delivering a low-cost, high-value solution that helps open the door to homeownership opportunities for millions of deserving borrowers in communities across the country.

We're looking forward to working with Director Pulte, FHFA staff and the GSEs to continue advancing our shared objective of making homeownership more affordable and accessible in ways that protect the American taxpayer and uphold the safety and soundness of the mortgage market. Thank you for joining us today.

I'll now ask the operator to come back on so we can take your questions.

Operator

[Operator Instructions] Your first question comes from Doug Harter with BTIG.

分析师问答

Douglas Harter

You guys have been pretty remarkably consistent on the pacing of your share repurchase. With kind of higher rates and a slowdown in the market and the reinsurance deals you've done, would you consider kind of accelerating the pace? Or what would it take for you to accelerate the pace of share repurchase?

Adam Pollitzer

Yes. Look, good question. I think I'd start and say we're really delighted with the consistency and success that we've achieved with our repurchase program thus far. We've retired $435 million of stock, which represents 14.3 million shares or 17% of our total outstanding at the time that we initiated the program in February of '22. We are always thinking about our balance sheet and the right balance, if you will, between our funding needs and the sizing and pacing of our shareholder distributions. And so it's something we constantly think about.

I've also mentioned in the past that capital distribution for us is both a near-term focus and also it's a longer-term opportunity. But you talked about the NIW opportunity. If you look at it in the 4.5 years since we launched our repurchase program, we've grown our insurance-in-force by 51% compared to 14% for the rest of the industry. So we certainly consider how market conditions are going to impact new business opportunities, where the broader macro is. But we think we've got a lot of opportunity to continue delivering growth, organic growth in our in-force portfolio. And so we're going to continue to be balanced in how we execute.

And so for now, I think a good assumption is that we're going to -- as we look forward, we'll continue to pace roughly in line with where we've been.

Operator

Your next question comes from Rick Shane with JPMorgan.

Richard Shane

First, just sort of a housekeeping question. It looked like the persistency on the 2020 vintage fell fairly sharply. What's going on there? Just want to make sure I'm not missing something.

Adam Pollitzer

Yes. So Rick, I think it's actually more than a housekeeping item. So it's a valuable one to talk about because I think it dovetails with the executive order that I referenced. And what I mean by that is that our policies already have a range of embedded cancellation features in them that drive turnover in our portfolio, right? Private MI policies automatically cancel when the principal balance of a covered loan amortizes to a 78% LTV.

Borrowers today have the ability to separately initiate a cancellation based on the appreciation in value of their home. And so we see turnover in our book in all periods and in all interest rate environments, whether they're increasing or whether they're decreasing. And so that's what we're seeing come through in our 2022 book. It's those embedded cancellation features that are already coming through. We're at a point where that HOPA cancellation, if you will, that 78% scheduled LTV starts to come into focus a little bit more for the books that we wrote six-plus years ago.

Richard Shane

Got it. Okay. And it's interesting because, obviously, we've tracked this for a long time. And my sense is what you're describing is specific to contractual amortization rather than HPA-driven. And we just haven't ever seen that emerge in a single vintage as significantly as it did in that 2020 vintage in the third quarter. So is there something specific going on there? Or is there a behavioral change amongst borrowers? Were they becoming more proactive about actually taking advantage of the underlying HPA?

Adam Pollitzer

No. I think, actually, so what we've seen on our end, right, with the internal data is, obviously, we always see the scheduled contractual, we'll call it a HOPA, cancellation, it's embedded in the Homeowners Protection Act from the late 90s. So we always see that. We know at the time that we originate a policy, what is that outer date at which it's going to cancel if it hasn't otherwise turned over because the note has been repaid or there's been a borrower initiated cancellation.

But actually for the last several years, we've seen much higher utilization on the borrower-initiated cancellation as well based on value. And I think that what's underpinning that is there's a lot more equity in the homes, borrowers are aware of that, and so it's been coming through, but also in an environment where the low note rate on your existing mortgage is keeping existing homeowners in their current homes, they're not moving with the same frequency. There's not the same opportunity to refinance.

If they need to access the equity in that home, what they're doing is either taking out a second or they're taking out a home equity line. And as part of that process, because the home is collateral, you're getting an updated appraisal, and that updated appraisal then serves as a benchmark to go and initiate a cancellation. So that whole dynamic, there's nothing unique that changed in Q3. That dynamic has been a rich one that we've been seeing come through for several years now.

Richard Shane

Got it. That's really interesting. So the home equity explanation. Well, that's not easy for me to say at this hour. Really probably explains a great deal of it because I'm assuming your 2019 vintage loans, those borrowers may have actually moved along the way, but that 2020 vintage, those borrowers are so locked in because of those rates that they're starting to tap equity. That makes sense.

Operator

Your next question comes from Rowland Mayor with RBC.

Rowland Mayor

I wanted to quickly start on the prior year, I guess the reserve releases a really sharp slowdown in the reserve development. It looks like cure activity was fairly stable. Was there some assumption change there? Or could you walk through what drove the reserve slowdown?

Aurora Swithenbank

So in terms of the way that we present our reserve tables, we present prior year reserve releases. And so as you go on in the year -- in Q1, 100% of our releases relate to prior years. Once you get to the third quarter like we are right now, most of our reserve releases relate to loans that went into default status in Q1 and Q2. So those are current year releases and those get embedded in the current year reserve number. So that is a net number, which reflects the current releases.

I think you hit on the correct issue, which is the cure rate. We're not seeing anything unusual in that. So our cure rate was 26% this quarter versus 29% last quarter. That small deterioration is something that we would typically see in the third quarter just given the seasonal patterns of default behavior.

Rowland Mayor

And then I did want to ask on the quota share. I believe you said it was through 2030 at a 4% pretax cost of capital. How does that flow through your pricing engine? And how quickly does that impact your pricing decisions?

Adam Pollitzer

Yes. So we price on a gross line basis. And so it's great when we can achieve long-term favorable outcomes in the reinsurance market. It's enormously valuable as we think about capital planning, as we think about risk management, for our ability to deliver consistent returns. But when we price, we're pricing on a gross line basis, assuming we don't have reinsurance in place, the reinsurance is additive to what we can then achieve.

And so the outcome, especially when they are the best deals that we've ever achieved, as Aurora said, in terms of their price, their structure, the duration, the terms. But that's not going to necessarily flow through to pricing decisions. Those will be benefits that we realize over time on the back end.

Operator

Your next question comes from Bose George with KBW.

Bose George

Actually, I just wanted to follow up on the credit. So on the cure ratio, I guess I was seeing it as like 70%. Is that right? And that does seem lower than prior quarters. Was there anything to call out there?

Adam Pollitzer

No. So I think what Aurora mentioned is that our cure rate. So this is simply cures as a percentage of our beginning period NOD balance in Q3, it was 26%. And in Q2, it was 29%. That sort of roughly three-point movement is what we see every year between the second quarter and the third quarter because of seasonal patterns, right?

We've talked for a while about how there's a seasonality to credit development in the portfolio. Borrowers, as you get into the second half of the year, you start to see a little bit of a deterioration in performance and in the first half of the year, you get stronger outcomes because of tax refunds, some bonus income that they receive.

And then as you progress into the second half, Q3 is really defined not by any outflows, but it's the lack of the inflow, the tax refund and bonus income for households. And then you see a little bit of additional movement in Q4 because of spending for the holidays. And so that's sort of the typical cadence. There's nothing really though in the numbers that's unexpected for us.

Bose George

Okay. Great. And then just actually one more on that. The provision for new delinquencies this quarter, was that pretty similar to last quarter?

Aurora Swithenbank

Yes. As for new delinquencies, we put up $13,500 per new NOD, which is broadly consistent with the $14,000 from last quarter.

Bose George

Okay. Great. And then actually one on persistency. Just given the move up in rates and I guess there is a lag in terms of how it shows up, is the persistency going to sort of increase until the next quarter? So I guess some rates are kind of moving back down again. But just leaving that aside, just the move we saw in the last few months?

Aurora Swithenbank

Yes. I think that you've described it correctly, which is persistency is driven by rates. We have had a spike up in rates. And although you don't see that in the persistency number since what we published is a 12-month number. And so that encompasses a much broader period of time than the recent run-up in rates. And so anything going forward would be dictated by the forward trajectory of rates.

Adam Pollitzer

Yes, but I'll give you, for example, October, I'd say we don't know that it's going to go up necessarily and by how much, but we're certainly seeing -- I mean, the decline that we've been seeing has been a modest amount. So it's been sort of a shallow slope of decline, but we've seen that stabilize in the most recent data that we're looking at.

Operator

Your next question comes from Mihir Bhatia with Bank of America.

Mihir Bhatia

I wanted to go back to Rick's question a little bit on just the borrower-initiated cancellation, if you will. A couple of your peers were able to size it for us, or just how much is borrower-initiated versus HPA amortization-driven. I was wondering if you would be willing to do the same?

Adam Pollitzer

Yes, Mihir. We don't share that information and have it readily available to give to you now. We'll do some work on the back end. What I'd say is we have a broad sense, but the servicer is ultimately a function of servicer reporting isn't the cleanest. So we know when obviously a policy is canceled because the note has been repaid. We also know when a policy has been canceled, but the underlying note remains outstanding.

But in terms of a specific split between, in that scenario, policy is canceled, but note remains outstanding, exactly what flows from a borrower initiated cancellation versus a HOPA cancellation, the reporting is a little bit uneven, I'll call it. And so we're not prepared to share that. But we absolutely do see a healthy amount of borrower initiated cancellations and we have.

And one of the ways that we can sanity check that is, while the servicer reporting maybe a little bit uneven, we know the date at which a loan is otherwise going to hit a HOPA cancellation. So we bump up the cancellation that we have and the information we get versus what was otherwise scheduled and we could then see, oh, we've got more cancellations, far more cancellations coming through where the note rate is staying outstanding but that are happening far earlier than the HOPA cancellation date. But we haven't sized it externally.

Mihir Bhatia

Got it. Maybe just turning to pricing for a second. Think of some of your books, the 2022, 2023 vintages, I think that inception-to-date loss ratio is now in around 17%, 18% and defaults are also rising as those policies season. What's the lifetime loss ratio that you price for? Where does that curve end up and peak and kind of start plateauing if you will?

Adam Pollitzer

Yes. So what we price to as a lifetime claim rate, not necessarily a lifetime loss ratio. But what we're seeing on the post-COVID vintages, the '22, '23, '24, as you've noted, they're in and around that 17% loss ratio, those have largely stabilized, right? So what we tend to see is that by the time you are now for, say, the 2022 book, even if we have incremental default experience coming through, the book also is heavily seasoned. And so we're getting a significant amount of that lifetime premium flow through.

I don't want -- a lot of where does it ultimately land is going to be a function of what happens with the existing default population, how does it cure out? And where does the macro and housing market environment go from here? But that sort of high teens is, I'd say, in line to better than our priced expectations when we originated those books.

Mihir Bhatia

All right. And then just one last one for me. The reserve per new delinquent per default, if you will, I think it was like $13,500, similar kind of the last quarter $14,000, but the paid claims rose pretty sharply versus a year ago. I think even like the average claim is up to like $71,000. Just trying to understand, is there anything unusual you're seeing in terms of like when policies go into default is like severity increasing or anything to call out there?

Adam Pollitzer

No. Look, I think what we've been saying for a while, though, is that the profile of loans that are in the default population that traces to the post-COVID period, '22 and more recent, versus those that are from the COVID and pre-COVID period, they're all roughly a similar profile. We use the same rigor and discipline in managing our mix and underwriting those loans and evaluating the credit.

The key difference is simply loans that were originated more recently that are in default status didn't have the same HPA backdrop as some of the loans from the earlier period. And so that's the only reason that we're seeing differences in the number of loans that are progressing to claim payments that go into default and also the severity on those, but nothing is different with, I'd say, has shifted quarter-to-quarter that's different from our expectations.

All of that is embedded in our reserving, right? We are carrying reserves based on our expectation and for the unique attributes of each of those underlying loans in the default population.

Operator

[Operator Instructions] Your next question comes from Maxwell Fritscher with Truist.

Maxwell Fritscher

I'm calling in for Mark Hughes. Adam, you called out the discipline in the PMI industry, which is consistent with what you've said previously. But have you seen any incremental change in behavior from competitors and kind of what that implies in terms of NIW growth for the end of the year and into next?

Adam Pollitzer

No. Look, I mean I think everybody obviously manages their book and wants to do something constructive for their customers, the borrowers they support themselves, their shareholders. And so there's always and everybody -- the views on underlying markets, the macro environment, particular goes, risk cohorts, all of that is always evolving. So the market is never static. But I'd say, broadly speaking, what we observe is we're at a market that's got real balance to it, right?

I think where we are all able to fully and fairly support our customers and their borrowers. But at the same time, use the tools that we've each developed, rates and others, to deliver the outcomes that we also want for our balance sheet and for our shareholders. So nothing that's really moving. I think what will dictate and drive the NIW opportunity going forward is, right, we've got an affordability dial, if you will, and where rates are, is going to impact things.

But then also, there's just really powerful and supportive long-term secular trends that as we look out beyond Q4 and longer, have us really optimistic as to the new business environment.

Maxwell Fritscher

Great. And then switching gears to expenses. Is there anything seasonal we should be paying attention to in 4Q? I believe it's been historically seasonally higher sequentially. Should we expect a similar trajectory going into next quarter?

Aurora Swithenbank

Yes. It's fair to say that the fourth quarter does tend to have higher accruals in years that we have performed well associated with employee comps. And so that is a typical trend that we see in the fourth quarter.

Operator

That does conclude our question-and-answer session and our conference call for today. Thank you for attending today's presentation. You may now disconnect.