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海昌海洋公园(2255.HK)蓄力迎接文旅复苏黄金期

香港智远权证网2026年4月2日 00:00
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随着2025年上市公司年报陆续披露,文旅板块的整体表现备受市场关注。作为国内海洋主题公园行业的头部企业,海昌海洋公园(2255.HK)最新发布的年度业绩,引发了不少投资者的讨论。

财报数据显示,公司2025年实现收入15.49亿元,同比下降14.8%。在复杂的宏观消费环境下,这一数据看似承压。但透过财务数据的表象,深入剖析利润表的底层逻辑,我们发现,海昌海洋公园正通过主动的财务调整与战略重塑,甩下历史包袱,为2026年的全面复苏“轻装上阵”。

3亿减值背后的“预期差”,核心经营亏损实则收窄

计提3亿减值,核心经营能力稳步修复

经过深入梳理发现,公司在2025年度主动计提约3亿元的资产减值准备。从财务视角来看,这3亿元的减值属于非经常性损益,不反映企业日常运营的真实状况。若剔除该部分的影响,公司核心运营层面的亏损较去年实现显著收窄。值得关注的是,在营收同比下滑14.8%的严峻挑战下,核心经营亏损仍能逆势收窄,这无疑是海昌强大经营韧性与精细化运营能力的有力证明。这种主动挤水分的财务处理,本质上是管理层在行业低谷期实施的一次“财务洗澡”,目的是出清历史包袱,夯实资产质量。

“十五五”旅游强国加持,春假红利精准催化

政策东风+假期红利,有望承接文旅复苏机遇

从行业大环境来看,“十五五”规划已明确提出建设旅游强国,文旅产业被摆在更重要的位置,政策支持、消费信心回升都将持续带动景区、主题公园行业复苏。海昌海洋公园作为拥有稀缺海洋生物资源和全国性布局的文旅巨头,无疑是这一宏观红利的核心受益者。

更值得关注的是,近期浙江、江苏、安徽、四川等7个省份推行中小学春假、秋假制度创新,成为拉动亲子游、短途游的新动力。尤其是浙江、江苏等长三角地区落实错峰放假政策后,家庭出游需求集中释放,对主打亲子客群的海洋公园形成显著的提振。

从客源结构来看,上海海昌海洋公园超过三成游客来自长三角其他城市,亲子游客占比更是高达60%以上。此前浙江秋假期间,就曾带动上海项目单周收入大涨35%。随着多地春假落地,上海海昌有望迎来一波客流高峰。同时,2023年新开业的郑州海昌海洋公园,也将依托中原地区周边游复苏,在2026年实现客流稳步增长。

轻资产模式加速落地,北京通州项目有望注入新动能

战略拐点显现,OAAS轻资产模式提质增效

除了外部利好,海昌自身的商业模式也在向更轻盈、更高效的方向转型,其中OAAS轻资产运营模式正在加速落地。目前,由地方国资投资建设、海昌负责运营并表的北京通州项目和福州新区项目均在按计划稳步推进。这种模式不仅大幅降低了海昌自身的资本开支压力,有效规避了重资产投入带来的运营风险,更能通过专业运营输出实现高效盈利,持续优化公司资产负债表结构。

在IP运营领域,海昌持续深耕布局,将通过同步引入新IP以及孵化自有IP,打造授权与商业化平台,布局IP衍生消费品、主题零售、展览、实景娱乐、内容等领域,实现多元化变现以及赋能原有业务生态。

此外,依托现有的稀缺生物资源、动物保育能力、专业科研技术,海昌正在积极探索“生物+科技”的创新产品及市场化应用;并以生物资源与自有IP业务相互赋能,打造主题化、高质量的创新产品,延伸运营价值链条;同时,探索开发“生物科普展示服务一体化解决方案”的整合服务产品,成为轻资产输出的核心增值服务。

综合来看,2025年更像是海昌海洋公园的战略调整之年。一次性资产减值看似扩大了账面亏损,实则完成了历史包袱的出清。“十五五”文旅政策红利与春假则为其注入了强劲的外部动能。随着2026年春节售票人次实现6.7%的同比增长,复苏的号角已经吹响,海昌海洋公园有望逐步走出调整期,重回增长轨道。

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