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“末日博士”警告:通胀二次海啸将至,下一场冲击或已逼近

FX1682026年3月13日 16:41
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FX168财经报社(北美)讯 随着中东局势持续推高国际油价,市场对通胀二次抬头的担忧正在升温。不过,法国兴业银行(Société Générale)长期策略师、以悲观市场预判闻名的阿尔伯特·爱德华兹(Albert Edwards)警告称,投资者似乎尚未真正为未来市场可能面临的风险做好准备。

他认为,当前市场对高通胀卷土重来的潜在影响明显定价不足,投资者的“自满情绪”正在为下一次市场冲击埋下伏笔。

油价逼近100美元,市场却仍在低估通胀冲击

爱德华兹在周四发布给客户的报告中指出,尽管中东冲突持续、国际油价再度逼近每桶100美元,但市场对长期通胀风险的反应依旧相当平淡。

他提到,衡量未来长期通胀预期的重要指标——“5年期远期5年通胀预期”(5-year 5-forward)——本周仅小幅升至2.1%。这表明,大多数投资者仍倾向于认为,本轮油价冲击对通胀的影响将只是暂时性的,就像市场过去对待类似地缘冲突时那样。

在爱德华兹看来,眼下已经出现了更值得警惕的信号。他认为,更具实质性的通胀反弹可能正在酝酿,而市场目前的冷淡反应,反而会让资产价格在未来面临更大脆弱性。#洞见2026#

他直言:“投资者的自满,正在招致一场市场冲击。”

爱德华兹表示,现在的市场似乎已经完全站在对战争影响“乐观解读”的一边,低估了通胀长期走高及其连锁后果的现实风险。

他指出,市场当前的核心假设是,油价上涨带来的物价压力不会持续太久,因此无论股市还是债市,都尚未充分反映“第二波通胀”可能更早到来的情形。

然而,一旦这一判断被证明过于乐观,市场波动可能迅速放大。尤其是在当前全球金融市场已对政策转向、增长放缓和地缘风险高度敏感的背景下,通胀预期一旦重新上行,可能会同时冲击债券与股票两大类资产。

债券收益率已发出警告,股债可能同步承压

爱德华兹特别提到,美国国债收益率近期的上升,已经在一定程度上反映出市场对通胀风险的重新警觉。自美伊战争爆发以来,美国10年期国债收益率已累计上升29个基点。

在他看来,更高的通胀通常意味着市场将预期更高的利率水平,这会推高债券收益率,并压低债券价格。更值得注意的是,近年来股票与债券价格之间的正相关性有所增强,这意味着一旦债市因为通胀而遭遇抛售,股市也可能难以独善其身。

他说:“推高债券收益率的更高通胀,极有可能会进一步压低股票价格。”

这意味着,如果通胀超预期反弹,投资者将面对的不只是债券估值调整,而可能是股债同步承压的更广泛市场回撤。

“第二波通胀”可能比市场预想来得更早

爱德华兹进一步警告称,继疫情后美国经济曾经历的一轮高通胀之后,市场如今面临第二波通胀冲击更早到来的风险。

现在存在这样一种风险:第二波通胀可能会更早袭来。我并不完全确定这一点,但我很确定的是,市场看起来异常自满。”他说。

虽然他没有给出本轮通胀可能升至何种具体水平,但他提醒投资者,不应忽视2022年美国消费者物价指数(CPI)同比涨幅一度接近9%的历史背景。换句话说,一旦能源价格冲击持续,并进一步向更广泛的经济领域传导,通胀重新明显抬头并非没有可能。

悲观预言者再发警告,市场是否会重演剧烈调整?

作为华尔街知名的“长期空头”代表人物之一,爱德华兹因早年准确预判互联网泡沫破裂而声名大噪。过去几年中,他也多次警告金融市场正深陷“万物泡沫”,并曾表示,未来的市场崩跌幅度甚至可能接近1987年“黑色星期一”式的暴跌。

因此,他此次再度发出“市场冲击”警告,也引发市场高度关注。

整体来看,爱德华兹的核心判断在于:当前投资者对油价飙升、长期通胀抬头以及利率再定价风险的反应,仍显得过于平静。一旦市场开始重新评估通胀持续性与政策后果,股债市场可能同时遭遇更剧烈调整。

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