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美国财长贝森特“语出惊人”:特朗普总统有权干预美联储决策!

FX1682026年2月5日 05:38
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FX168财经报社(亚太)讯 美国财政部长贝森特(Scott Bessent)周三(2月4日)对议员们表示,特朗普(Donald Trump)总统有权干预美联储的决策。

贝森特在众议院金融服务委员会作证时,被密苏里州民主党众议员伊曼纽尔·克利弗(Emanuel Cleaver)问及:他是否会建议总统“在言语和政治层面干预”美联储的决策。

贝森特说:“这是他的权利……也是在座各位每个人的权利。”他这番话明显是在指听证会上的众议员们。

贝森特还对众议院该委员会表示,他相信美联储在货币政策方面的独立性,但这种独立性建立在美国人民的信任之上,他也主张问责。美联储拒绝就此置评。

在过去一年里,美国总统特朗普一直对美联储发起施压行动,要求下调其基准利率。他曾试图以涉嫌按揭贷款欺诈为由解雇美联储理事库克(Lisa Cook),但她否认相关指控。

美国司法部也在调查美联储主席鲍威尔(Jerome Powell),原因是他去年在参议院就美联储总部翻修成本作证时的陈述。鲍威尔此前表示,刑事指控的威胁,是美联储拒绝在利率问题上屈从政治压力所带来的后果。

经济学家警告称,一旦美联储的独立性受损,可能会削弱外界对美国经济和金融市场的信心。

当纽约州民主党众议员里奇·托雷斯(Ritchie Torres)问及,总统是否可以因政策分歧而罢免美联储主席或理事会成员时,贝森特表示他“没有意见”。

贝森特还说,政府内部对于“单一行政权理论”是否适用于美联储,存在“不同看法”。根据该理论,美国宪法第二条赋予行政部门的所有权力,都专属于总统本人。

贝森特表示:“我们还得等等看最高法院怎么说。”他指的是最高法院尚未就特朗普试图解雇库克一事作出裁决。

美联储长期以来备受尊重的独立性是由1913年的《联邦储备法案》确立的。上周,鲍威尔表示,他相信美联储并未失去独立性,也不认为未来会失去独立性,并指出该机构的制度安排旨在将货币政策与“民选官员的直接控制”隔离开来。

此前,贝森特曾表示总统不会干预美联储的独立性。但周三,贝森特表示,美联储允许通货膨胀“肆虐这个国家的劳动人民”,从而失去了公众的信任。他还提到了美联储翻新工程的“成本超支”问题。

鲍威尔表示,美联储坚定致力于其维持物价稳定的职责使命,并为耗资25亿美元的翻修工程辩护称,这些近百年的老建筑需要进行代价高昂的结构性修复,而相关工作由一名独立监察长监督。

该委员会还就美元问题询问了贝森特。按照美元指数衡量,美元去年下跌逾9%。他对伊利诺伊州民主党众议员比尔·福斯特(Bill Foster)表示:“我们始终支持强势美元政策。”

不过,贝森特的表态与特朗普公开表达的偏好相矛盾。特朗普更倾向于弱势美元,因为弱势美元可以让美国出口对海外买家更具吸引力。

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