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美联储降息时机已到 经济学家预测:降息幅度或“听命”于这一数据

FX1682024年8月27日 15:51
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FX168财经报社(北美)讯 德意志银行(ETR)经济学家周一(8月27日)表示,最近美联储官员的声明暗示,尽管降息幅度仍然不确定,并依赖于数据,但9月降息“几乎是板上钉钉的事”。#2024年下半年市场展望#

他们认为,9月会议上降息的规模将主要由劳动力市场数据决定。

该银行目前的观点是,美联储将在今年剩余的每次会议上都降息25个基点(bps),然后暂停,直到2025年第三季度,逐步将利率恢复到中性水平。

在上周五的杰克逊霍尔会议上,美联储主席杰罗姆·鲍威尔暗示降息即将到来,但没有具体说明降息的时间或幅度。“政策调整的时机已经到来,”鲍威尔在美联储年度杰克逊霍尔会议上发表主旨演讲时表示。“方向是明确的,降息的时机和步伐将取决于即将公布的数据、不断变化的前景以及风险平衡。”

尽管市场热切期待有关货币政策未来方向的线索,鲍威尔在讲话中大部分时间都反思了导致通货膨胀激增的因素,这些因素促使美联储在2022年3月至2023年7月间加息11次。

他承认在降低通货膨胀方面取得的进展,并表示美联储现在可以更多地关注维持充分就业,这也是其双重任务的另一方面。“通货膨胀已显著下降。劳动力市场不再过热,当前条件比疫情前的紧张程度有所缓解,”鲍威尔说,“供应约束已恢复正常。我们的双重任务面临的风险平衡发生了变化。”

他还强调了美联储致力于确保强劲劳动力市场和通货膨胀继续进展的承诺,承诺“我们将尽一切努力”实现这些目标。

此次讲话与通货膨胀率逐渐回归美联储2%目标相伴随。最近的首选通胀指标为2.5%,低于一年前的3.2%和2022年6月超过7%的峰值。

与此同时,失业率已上升至4.3%,通常预示着经济衰退,尽管鲍威尔将这一增加归因于更多人进入劳动力市场和招聘放缓,而不是广泛的裁员或劳动力市场的疲软。

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