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虽迟必到:美联储主席鲍威尔表示“时机已到” 应该开始降息

FX1682024年8月23日 14:17
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FX168财经报社(北美)讯 周五(8月23日),美联储主席鲍威尔发出迄今为止最强烈​​的降息信号,其表示美联储打算采取行动,避免美国劳动力市场进一步疲软。

美联储主席杰罗姆·鲍威尔在周五的重要讲话中向市场传达了明确的信息,称“时机已到”,美联储应开始降低利率。

在堪萨斯城联储年度经济研讨会上,鲍威尔表示:“政策调整的时机已到。”

鲍威尔补充说:“前进的方向是明确的,降息的时机和速度将取决于最新数据、不断变化的经济前景以及风险平衡。”

鲍威尔的讲话距离美联储9月17日至18日的会议还有三周多的时间,届时美联储预计将宣布自2020年以来的首次降息。

在讲话中,鲍威尔承认了劳动力市场的近期疲软,并表示美联储“不寻求也不欢迎劳动力市场条件的进一步冷却。”

7月的就业报告引发了市场的震荡,数据显示上个月经济仅增加了11.4万个就业岗位,而失业率上升至4.3%,为2021年10月以来的最高水平。本周早些时候的数据还显示,截至3月,美国经济中就业人数减少了81.8万人,这表明过去一年就业市场的强劲程度被过度夸大了。

鲍威尔表示:“劳动力市场不太可能在短期内成为高通胀压力的来源。”

在鲍威尔发表讲话之前,投资者几乎完全预计美联储下个月将降息,降息25个基点对50个基点的概率大约为2比1。

鲍威尔说:“疫情到来的四年半后,与疫情相关的经济扭曲的最严重阶段正在消退。”

“通胀已经显著下降……我们的目标是恢复价格稳定,同时保持强劲的劳动力市场,避免早期的去通胀阶段中失业率的大幅上升。在这一任务尚未完成的情况下,我们已在实现这一目标方面取得了相当大的进展。”

鲍威尔周五的讲话让人联想到他在2022年杰克逊霍尔的发言,当时他直接评估了经济前景,并指出需要额外的加息。

鲍威尔回忆道:“两年前在这个讲台上,我讨论了应对通胀可能带来的一些痛苦,包括更高的失业率和更慢的增长。”

“有些人认为,要控制通胀需要经历衰退和长期的高失业率。我表达了我们无条件致力于完全恢复价格稳定,并且将继续努力直到任务完成。”

周五的讲话在某种程度上暗示任务确实已完成。

鲍威尔表示:“总的来说,从疫情扭曲中恢复、我们调节总需求的努力,以及期望的稳定,共同作用使通胀逐渐呈现出可持续的路径,朝着我们的2%目标迈进。”

“美联储传声筒”Nick Timiraos在社交媒体发文称,今日的讲话表明鲍威尔的转向政策已经完成,鲍威尔在讲话中表现出了全面的鸽派,两年前他还在同一时期表示,美联储将接受经济衰退作为恢复通胀的代价。

鲍威尔讲话后,现货黄金短线涨幅扩大至20美元,现报2517.83美元/盎司;美元指数DXY短线重挫50点,去年12月来首次,失守101,现报100.94。美国2年期与10年期国债收益率曲线的倒挂幅度缩小,现报15.2点,此件为17.6点。

互换市场保持稳定,预计美联储年末前将有近100个基点的降息幅度。利率期货交易员预计美联储9月份降息50个基点的概率约为33%,较鲍威尔讲话前有所上升。

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