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美联储主席鲍威尔谈劳动市场降温,经济学家预测未来降息 看空美元 首选货币是TA

FX1682024年8月23日 18:44
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FX168财经报社(北美)讯 在堪萨斯城联邦储备银行于杰克逊霍尔经济政策研讨会上,美联储主席杰罗姆·鲍威尔讨论了劳动市场的降温趋势。他指出,尽管失业率上升,但依然“低于历史水平”,并强调劳动市场降温的现象“不可忽视”。

前达特茅斯学院经济学教授、前美联储经济学家安德鲁·莱文(Andrew Levin)在接受Catalysts采访时,提供了对鲍威尔讲话及整体经济形势的分析。

莱文解释说,劳动市场降温有两种方式:“大量人员失业”或“更多人加入劳动力市场”。他指出,由于通货膨胀继续推高物价,导致许多人为了“支付开支”而涌入劳动力市场。

关于潜在的利率调整,莱文表示:“如果美联储降息50个基点,我将感到极为惊讶。”尽管鲍威尔表示美联储目前倾向于放松政策并维持强劲的劳动市场,莱文强调美联储尚未进入“紧急模式”,而是“政策转向”。

莱文预测,在未来的四次美联储会议上,将至少会有一次25个基点的降息。

鲍威尔在讲话中指出,当前劳动市场的降温情况十分明显。失业率自一年多前开始上升,目前为4.3%,虽然仍然低于历史水平,但几乎比之前高出一个百分点。他表示,2023年初的劳动市场降温趋势显而易见。

莱文表示,美联储可能会在接下来的四次会议上每次降息25个基点,这样累计降息一个百分点,然后再观察经济情况。若经济状况改善或通胀回落,美联储可能会进行更多的降息调整。

在美联储主席鲍威尔几乎暗示结束了美联储的通胀斗争之后,美元星期五跌至近乎加息以来的最低水平。数据显示,美元兑一篮子货币的汇率创下52周新低,延续了近期因预期未来几个月将降息而导致的跌势。政策的改变有望改变资本在全球市场的流动方向。不过美元的走软往往有助于美国公司向海外销售商品和服务。

美元在美联储主席杰罗姆·鲍威尔称降息时机已经到来后大幅下挫,引发全球主要货币上涨。鲍威尔周五在杰克逊霍尔年会上发表讲话后,彭博美元指数下跌1%,至1月以来最低水平。该美元指数势将连续第四周下跌,这将创下2023年4月以来最长连跌。“鲍威尔明确表示美联储的重点已经从通胀转向平衡其双重使命,”荷兰合作银行外汇策略主管Jane Foley表示,并补充说,“讲话中没有回击美联储可能在9月进行更大幅度降息的可能性。”美元的下跌促使英镑、日元、澳元和新西兰元等主要货币飙升。英镑兑美元上涨逾1%至1.3230,为2022年3月以来最高水平,日元兑美元也上涨逾1%,至144.19的盘中高点。澳元和新西兰元兑美元均上涨逾1%,美国国债全线上涨。

TJM Europe董事总经理尼尔·琼斯(Neil Jones)指出,“我认为,英镑目前是表达对美元看空的首选货币。”

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