Cuộc họp công bố kết quả kinh doanh Quý 3/2026 của Franklin BSP Realty Trust (FBRT): Mua lại cổ phiếu và xử lý tài sản tồn đọng

Franklin BSP Realty Trust (FBRT) đã báo cáo khoản lỗ trong quý 3 khi khoản dự phòng bổ sung cho các khoản vay căn hộ cho thuê (multifamily) cũ làm triệt tiêu lợi nhuận từ danh mục đầu tư mới hơn và NewPoint. Ban lãnh đạo ưu tiên xử lý các tài sản gặp khó khăn, tái quay vòng vốn và mua lại cổ phiếu với mức giá chiết khấu so với giá trị sổ sách.

Những điểm chính

• FBRT ghi nhận khoản lỗ ròng theo GAAP là 27 triệu USD, tương đương 0,36 USD trên mỗi cổ phiếu chuyển đổi hoàn toàn, bao gồm khoản dự phòng CECL 37,7 triệu USD cho danh mục đầu tư cốt lõi.
• Lợi nhuận có thể phân phối đạt 3,3 triệu USD, tương đương âm 0,02 USD trên mỗi cổ phiếu chuyển đổi hoàn toàn sau các điều chỉnh cho cổ phiếu phổ thông. Trước các khoản lỗ đã thực hiện, lợi nhuận có thể phân phối là 26 triệu USD, hay 0,24 USD trên mỗi cổ phiếu chuyển đổi hoàn toàn.
• Giá trị sổ sách chuyển đổi hoàn toàn duy trì ổn định ở mức 14,26 USD/cổ phiếu, tăng 0,02 USD so với quý trước bất chấp các chi phí tín dụng đã ghi nhận.
• FBRT đã mua lại 7,4 triệu cổ phiếu với giá khoảng 60 triệu USD theo mức giá trung bình 8,14 USD, mang lại 0,55 USD/cổ phiếu mức gia tăng giá trị sổ sách.
• Khoảng 300 triệu USD vốn chủ sở hữu đã bị mắc kẹt trong các khoản vay nợ xấu, các khoản vay kém hiệu quả và tài sản REO. Ban lãnh đạo xác định việc xử lý tài sản và tái quay vòng vốn là ưu tiên cao nhất.
• NewPoint đã tạo ra khoảng 11 triệu USD lợi nhuận có thể phân phối, trong khi hoạt động phát hành khoản vay qua cơ quan chính phủ và FHA tăng 68% so với quý trước lên 670 triệu USD.

Dữ liệu tài chính chính

Kết quả kinh doanh và hoạt động

Danh mục khoản vay cốt lõi của FBRT kết thúc quý ở mức khoảng 4,1 tỷ USD trên 175 khoản vay, với quy mô khoản vay trung bình khoảng 23 triệu USD. Tỷ trọng phân bổ vào căn hộ cho thuê tăng lên hơn 83%, so với 80% trong quý trước và 77% vào cuối năm 2025. Tỷ trọng phân bổ vào văn phòng vẫn ở mức 1%.

Khoảng 82% danh mục khoản vay được giải ngân sau chu kỳ tăng lãi suất, tăng từ mức 77% trong quý trước và 68% vào cuối năm 2025. Ban lãnh đạo cho biết lợi nhuận ngày càng được tạo ra nhiều hơn từ các khoản vay mới hơn, trong khi chi phí tín dụng vẫn tập trung ở các khoản đầu tư cũ.

FBRT đã hoàn tất 17 khoản vay mới đại diện cho 249 triệu USD cam kết, với biên độ lãi suất bình quân gia quyền là 266 điểm cơ bản. Khoảng 97% các khoản giải ngân mới là dành cho căn hộ cho thuê. Công ty cho biết họ vẫn tiếp tục chọn lọc trong bối cảnh biên độ cho vay thu hẹp và thị trường Trái phiếu Kho bạc biến động.

Xếp hạng rủi ro trung bình của danh mục đầu tư giữ ở mức 2,4. FBRT kết thúc tháng 9 với 13 khoản vay trong danh sách theo dõi tổng cộng 334 triệu USD, hoặc khoảng 8% danh mục khoản vay, giảm từ mức 10% trong quý trước. 7 khoản vay trong danh sách theo dõi được xếp hạng rủi ro mức 5 và 6 khoản được xếp hạng mức 4.

Tài sản REO do tịch thu nhà gia tăng khoảng 140 triệu USD so với quý trước lên 10 tài sản với tổng giá trị sổ sách là 340 triệu USD. Hai tài sản đã ký hợp đồng mua bán, và một bất động sản căn hộ cho thuê ở Houston đã được bán sau khi kết thúc quý. Các bất động sản khác đang được chào bán, hoàn thiện hoặc ổn định trước các đợt bán tiềm năng.

Hoạt động phát hành khoản vay qua cơ quan chính phủ và FHA của NewPoint đạt 670 triệu USD, tăng 68% so với quý 2. Mảng kinh doanh này tạo ra khoảng 11 triệu USD lợi nhuận có thể phân phối và tỷ suất sinh lời hai chữ số trên khoản đầu tư của FBRT. Ban lãnh đạo cho biết hoạt động HUD mạnh mẽ bất thường đã hỗ trợ thu nhập từ lãi bán tài sản nhưng vượt quá mức kỳ vọng tính theo năm.

Rủi ro và các lĩnh vực cần theo dõi

• Lãi suất cao hơn đã làm chậm giao dịch bất động sản, ảnh hưởng đến định giá và làm trì hoãn hoạt động tái cấp vốn. Các khoản hoàn trả ít hơn cũng làm giảm tốc độ tái quay vòng vốn và có thể hạn chế việc mua lại cổ phiếu.
• Các tài sản căn hộ cho thuê cũ vẫn là nguồn áp lực tín dụng chính. Dự phòng cụ thể phản ánh cả yếu tố nền tảng yếu hơn của bất động sản lẫn sự thay đổi định giá gắn liền với tỷ lệ vốn hóa cao hơn.
• Khoảng 300 triệu USD vốn chủ sở hữu vẫn bị mắc kẹt trong các khoản vay gặp khó khăn và REO, trong khi REO do tịch thu nhà tăng đáng kể trong quý.
• Thị trường căn hộ cho thuê ở Texas và Arizona vẫn dư cung ở một số khu vực. Mặc dù vậy, ban lãnh đạo nhận thấy xu hướng tiền thuê nhà đang cải thiện ở một số phân khúc nhất định và kỳ vọng nguồn cung xây dựng mới hạn chế trong tương lai sẽ hỗ trợ tỷ lệ hấp thụ theo thời gian.
• Thu nhập lãi gộp của FBRT có thể giảm khi các khoản vay chuyển sang trạng thái không dồn tích và danh mục thu hẹp lại để tài trợ cho việc mua lại cổ phiếu. Ban lãnh đạo cho biết chỉ số hiệu quả kinh tế trên mỗi cổ phiếu là thước đo phù hợp hơn so với quy mô danh nghĩa của danh mục.
• Hành vi của bên vay cũng như thời điểm hoàn trả và bán tài sản vẫn khó dự đoán.

Những điểm nổi bật trong phần Q&A với chuyên gia phân tích

Bán tài sản REO và lãi suất: Ban lãnh đạo xác định lợi suất Trái phiếu Kho bạc 10 năm là biến số chính ảnh hưởng đến khối lượng giao dịch. Brian Buffone cho biết lợi suất ổn định gần mức 5% có thể mang lại cho người mua và bên vay sự rõ ràng hơn về định giá, trong khi việc giảm về mức 4,5% có thể làm tăng đáng kể hoạt động giao dịch. Việc tiến về mức 5,5% có thể khiến nhiều khoản vay tiếp tục chuyển từ danh sách theo dõi sang REO.

Chiến lược bán tài sản: Richard Byrne cho biết mức gia tăng giá trị thu được từ việc mua lại cổ phiếu giúp FBRT linh hoạt hơn trong việc chấp nhận mức chiết khấu hợp lý khi bán các tài sản cũ. Tiền thu được sau đó có thể được tái quay vòng vào việc mua lại cổ phiếu hoặc các khoản vay mới với tiềm năng sinh lời cao hơn.

Dự phòng tín dụng: Ban lãnh đạo giải thích mức dự phòng cụ thể cao hơn là do định giá tài sản thay đổi, sự tham gia của thị trường giảm và sự suy giảm ở một số yếu tố cơ bản của bất động sản. Công ty cho biết họ đang chủ động ghi nhận sự thay đổi định giá thay vì chờ cho đến khi tịch thu tài sản hoặc xử lý xong cuối cùng.

Các khoản bổ sung vào danh sách theo dõi năm 2025: Hai khoản vay năm 2025 được thêm vào danh sách theo dõi được mô tả là những trường hợp đặc biệt. Cả hai đều liên quan đến các tài sản REO cũ được bán vào năm 2025 với nguồn tài trợ mới, nhưng rủi ro tín dụng ban đầu của chúng bắt nguồn từ thời kỳ đỉnh cao của thị trường cho vay năm 2021.

Khối lượng giao dịch của NewPoint: Hoạt động phát hành khoản vay diễn ra mạnh mẽ nhất trong tháng cuối cùng của quý. Ban lãnh đạo cho biết một số bên vay vẫn tiếp tục tiến hành giao dịch bất chấp lãi suất cao hơn, trong khi yếu tố thời điểm cuối quý cũng đóng góp một phần. Khối lượng giao dịch qua HUD là yếu tố thúc đẩy lớn bất thường và không dự kiến sẽ lặp lại ở cùng mức tính theo năm này.

Toàn văn Biên bản Cuộc họp Báo cáo Lợi nhuận

Toàn văn cuộc gọi công bố kết quả kinh doanh

Phần trình bày của ban lãnh đạo

Operator

Good day, and welcome to the Franklin BSP Realty Trust Third Quarter of 2026 Earnings Conference Call.

[Operator Instructions] Also, please be aware that today's call is being recorded.

I would now like to turn the call over to Lindsey Crabbe, Executive Director of Investor Relations. Please go ahead.

Lindsey Crabbe

Thank you. Good morning, everyone, and welcome to FBRT's Third Quarter 2026 Earnings Call. Thanks for joining us today. As the operator mentioned, I'm Lindsey Crabbe. With me on the call today are Richard Byrne, Chief Executive Officer of FBRT; Jerry Baglien, Co-President, Chief Financial Officer and Chief Operating Officer of FBRT; and Brian Buffone, Co-President of FBRT.

Before we begin, I want to mention that some of today's comments are forward-looking statements and are based on certain assumptions. Those comments and assumptions are subject to inherent risks and uncertainties as described in our most recently filed SEC periodic reports and actual future results may differ materially. The information conveyed on this call is current only as of the date of this call, October 29, 2026. The company assumes no obligation to update any statements made during this call, including any forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise, except as required by law.

Additionally, we will refer to certain non-GAAP financial measures, which are reconciled to GAAP figures in our earnings release and supplementary slide deck, each of which are available on our website at www.fbrtreit.com. We will refer to the supplementary slide deck on today's call.

With that, I'll turn the call over to Rich Byrne.

Richard Byrne

Great. Thanks, Lindsey, and good morning, everyone. Before Jerry and Brian take you through the quarter in some good detail, I want to spend a few minutes on where we are today and maybe most importantly, on what we're focused on going forward.

First, as you know, we've announced a leadership transition. We did that in September. I want to emphasize that FBRT has a very deep and experienced team. Jerry, Brian and I, just for example, have worked together for more than a decade, and we've been certainly through a lot of different market environments together. But also FBRT is a giant and very important part of Benefit Street Partners, our firm's approximately $17 billion real estate credit platform. We're supported by 90 real estate professionals across Benefit Street Partners as well as -- or in total, 300 people, including NewPoint. Having that kind of experience, scale and resources behind FBRT is really a big advantage, and it certainly is in today's market.

Lastly, on the big picture side, I want to also congratulate Jerry. Jerry now has an expanded role overseeing our broader real estate credit platform. Jerry, many of you know him, has been a senior leader in our business since its inception and has been deeply involved in our investments, financing and operations for many, many years.

So with that, I really most of all wanted to spend time here on our priorities because they are crystal clear to us, and there's only a few. And so let me detail them. First, we want to resolve our watch list loans and monetize our REO assets. This is a major focus for us. We are actively working on these resolutions. You'll hear more about this in detail from -- especially from Brian. But just in the big picture sense of it, sometimes taking control of an asset is a very valuable tool in providing the best path to maximizing recovery. Our goal is to convert these assets back into cash and put that capital to better use. That capital has far better use in either buying back shares or being redeployed into new loans. This will benefit us in so many ways.

We have a strong asset management team and right now, a renewed sense of urgency around getting this done. We're making progress across our 5 rated watch list loans, our foreclosure REO, and we're also focusing on our equity investment portfolio. Many of these assets are currently actively in a sale process right now. Again, you'll hear a little bit more about this from Brian.

We expect to make good progress in the coming quarters as we work through these resolutions. So second biggest focus is highly accretive share repurchases. At the substantial discount to book value, our stock has been trading, buying back our own shares is an extremely compelling use of capital. During the quarter, we repurchased approximately $60 million of common stock. We paid an average price of $8.14 a share, that generated $0.55 per share of book value accretion. So future buyback activity is -- will, of course, fluctuate. A lot of variables at play here, of course, is the stock price, also the repayment speed of our existing portfolio, in other words, how much cash we have to spend and our available liquidity.

Importantly, these 2 priorities, both the share repurchases and the monetization of our underperforming assets go hand in hand. The accretion from the repurchases gives us greater flexibility to resolve legacy assets. So in certain cases, accepting a reasonable discount to accelerate a sale can make good economic sense when we can redeploy that capital into highly accretive share repurchases or new investments, as I said earlier.

Third, third priority, protecting and growing book value. Despite the credit costs recognized this quarter, our fully converted book value remained stable at $14.26 a share, up $0.02 from last quarter. And while the mortgage REIT sector has experienced significant share price pressure, FBRT's economic return, thanks to stability of our book value over time, has performed near the top of our peer group over the past year and 2 years. We remain disciplined about where we deploy capital, and we have a focus on best risk-adjusted returns.

Finally, last point of our priorities, I want to talk about NewPoint. We continue to be very pleased with this investment and are focused on its continued integration and growth. The acquisition brought really important capabilities to FBRT and added stable recurring stream of income through its servicing business. Also, the MSR portfolio also provided another source of book value stability and growth for the other point we made about book value stability. Although wide -- although market-wide volumes have been very slow recently, we believe NewPoint will continue to be an important part of FBRT's long-term value proposition.

So let me wrap up with this closing thought. At the significant discount to book value where our shares currently trade, we believe the path to narrowing the gap is clear: one, resolve legacy assets, recycle capital, repurchase shares when the economics are compelling, protect book value and continue to demonstrate the value of NewPoint. There's still a lot of work to do, but we know what the priorities are, and we have the right team and resources in place to execute that.

So with that, I'll turn the rest of the call over to Jerry and Brian. Jerry, first to discuss financial results and the current market environment. Over to you, Jerry.

Jerome Baglien

Great. Thanks, Rich. Good morning, everyone. To start, I want to talk a little bit about the current market environment. The recent move higher in interest rates has slowed transaction activity and impacted valuations. Higher borrowing costs are causing some borrowers to revisit purchase prices, while borrowers with flexibility are delaying refinancings and waiting for greater stability. This slower transaction activity also means fewer repayments and as a result, a slower pace of capital recycling. We continue to see repayments, but the timing is less predictable, which can limit the capital available for share repurchases despite the compelling opportunity we see at the current discount. That said, it also means the agency book we service has been stickier than we expected. And overall, our servicing book is growing on a nominal basis.

I think it is important to distinguish today's environment from the initial rate shock several years ago. The market has now had several years to adjust to higher borrowing costs. Property values, financing structures and borrower expectations have all moved considerably from where they were in 2021 and '22. Additionally, we are much further along in the multifamily absorption story, and the outlook for future income growth is more constructive than it has been for the past 4 years.

Vintage is the great diversifier in the real estate world today. There is still much stress to digest from the highs of the early '20s. The double hit of rates and stagnant or declining incomes makes that a challenging vintage, thus our emphasis on trying to put the last of that behind us. In regard to that, approximately 82% of our current loan portfolio was originated following the rate hiking cycle compared with 77% last quarter and 68% at the end of 2025. That continued transition is important when looking at our results this quarter. We are generating earnings from predominantly newer vintage, higher-quality portfolio while also recognizing the costs associated with resolving the legacy investments.

Now I'm going to turn to results for the third quarter. FBRT reported a GAAP net loss of $27 million or $0.36 per fully converted share. Distributable earnings were $3.3 million or negative $0.02 per fully converted share after adjustments to common, reflecting approximately $22 million of net realized loss adjustments. Before realized losses, distributable earnings were $26 million or $0.24 per fully converted share.

The quarter included a $37.7 million CECL provision on our core portfolio. This is driven by increased specific reserve on a number of legacy multifamily assets to reflect current market conditions and deterioration in underlying property fundamentals. As Rich discussed, resolving the legacy portfolio and monetizing REO is our highest priority. At quarter end, we had approximately $300 million of equity tied up in nonperforming loans, underperforming loans and REO assets. Our highest priority is the timely resolution and recycling of this capital. At the same time, we are balancing capital deployment with needs of our CLO financing structures and the opportunity to repurchase shares.

During the quarter, we redeployed approximately $300 million of CLO proceeds into new investments while repurchasing 7.4 million shares or approximately 7.7% of our beginning 2026 share count. Maintaining those CLO structures requires us to reinvest available proceeds rather than simply allowing the debt to amortize. To be able to reinvest, we need loans available, and that requires us to use some capital to originate. An amortizing CLO increases our interest expense and diminishes the power of these long-term liabilities. We don't want to hamper the long-term benefits they provide.

Our balance sheet provides us with flexibility to execute on these priorities. Net leverage ended the quarter at 2.7x. Approximately 81% of our financing on our core book is non-mark-to-market, and we ended the quarter with approximately $407 million of liquidity.

Turning to NewPoint. Agency and FHA origination volumes increased approximately 68% from the second quarter to $670 million. Originations continue to be soft across the market with the rise in rates. Although higher rates have impacted origination volume, they make our MSR portfolio more durable, providing a natural hedge and increasing income on our servicing book via float income. It also means we don't need to originate as much to maintain the stability and thus the yield of our servicing book. We have seen the benefits of this natural interest rate hedge.

NewPoint generated approximately $11 million of distributable earnings during the quarter, delivering a double-digit return on our investments. Results benefited from particularly strong HUD activity, which, while welcome, is higher than what we expect on an annualized basis.

And with that, I'll turn it over to Brian to give more detail on our portfolio.

Brian Buffone

Thanks, Jerry. Good morning, everyone. Our core loan portfolio ended the quarter at approximately $4.1 billion across 175 loans with an average loan size of approximately $23 million. Multifamily represents more than 83% of our portfolio now. That's up from 80% last quarter and 77% at the end of 2025, and office exposure remains at just 1%. As Jerry mentioned, the portfolio continues to migrate toward newer vintage loans, which were underwritten in a substantially different rate and valuation environment than the legacy loans that continue to account for most of our credit issues.

During the quarter, we closed 17 new loans totaling $249 million of commitments at a weighted average spread of 266 basis points. Approximately 97% of the quarter's new originations were multifamily. The lending market for high-quality assets remains very competitive, and we continue to see some lenders prioritize higher volume at tighter spreads. We, however, remain disciplined, not just on pricing, but also with a focus on credit and debt yields we are targeting, particularly with the recent volatility that we've seen in the treasury market. We are focused on experienced sponsors, appropriate leverage and transactions where we believe we are adequately being compensated for the risk we are taking.

Turning to our credit. Our average portfolio risk rating remained at 2.4 during the quarter. We ended September with 13 watch list loans. 4 loans were added consisting of 3 multifamily loans and 1 hospitality loan, while 3 multifamily loans were removed as they transitioned into REO. Despite the increase in loan count on watch list, the total dollar amount on watch list declined to $334 million. That's approximately 8% of our total loan portfolio and down from 10% last quarter. Of the watch list loans, 7 are risk rated of 5 and 6 are risk rated 4. Importantly, we are actively pursuing sales across the majority of our risk-rated 5 loans as well as the majority of our foreclosed REO portfolio. As Jerry mentioned, resolution of these items is a major focus of ours right now.

Turning specifically to the foreclosure REO. We ended the quarter with 10 assets totaling $340 million of asset book value. That is up approximately $140 million versus last quarter, primarily reflecting the transition of assets from the watch list to REO. Several REO assets are currently being marketed for sale. Two are currently under signed PSAs, and our Houston asset, multifamily asset was sold during the quarter -- or, I'm sorry, after quarter end. For the remaining assets, we are completing construction, stabilizing operations and evaluating the appropriate timing for a sale to maximize recovery.

We have a high degree of confidence in our asset management team's ability to execute these plans. Our objective is to convert these under-earning positions back to cash as efficiently as possible and recycle that capital into higher returning opportunities, including share buybacks. We believe the actions underway across the watch list and REO portfolio represent a measurable progress towards resolving these legacy issues.

With that, I'll turn it back to the operator for questions.

Operator

[Operator Instructions] Our first question here will come from Matthew Erdner with Jones.

Phần hỏi đáp

Matthew Erdner

Rich, nice to hear from you again. I'd like to, kind of, touch on the REO a little bit. And if you guys could give, kind of, any sense of timing or expectations there? And I guess if there's a better way to, kind of, frame it just overall about the transaction environment we're in today, it seems like that's slowed down quite a bit. And what would it take for, I guess, the transaction market to get a little more velocity behind it, which in turn, I think would lead to kind of more REO sales on your guys' end? Just how are you guys, kind of, thinking about the overall environment right now?

Brian Buffone

Yes, I'll take that one. Thanks for the question. We've talked about it on multiple earnings calls now. And I think the biggest headwind we're seeing now is in what's happening in the treasury market. And 6 months ago, when we were sitting at a 4.5% 10-year, I would have expected a lot more transactional volume, a lot more acceleration of REOs coming off of the book. And to your point, that slowed when we went from 4.5% 10-year to 5.25% and now, kind of, settling in, hopefully around 5%. So I think that that's the biggest unknown on a going-forward basis. If we finally settle in and get some stability in the 10-year, even if it's at 5%, I think that, that will give borrowers and buyers a clear -- a more clear outlook on what's happening in the borrowing environment. And so they'll be able to value their properties a little bit more accurately, and then we'll be able to have additional transactional volume to then clear out the REO book.

So it's really a function of where we end up in the 10-year. If we drop back down to the 4.5% range where we were 6 months ago, I'd expect transactional volume to increase pretty significantly at that level. If we continue to go higher to 5.5% or again, you just -- you could see that rotation from watch list into REO. And while we resolve the REO positions and start to clean that up, you could still see some properties coming in on the back end. So it's really a function of the 10-year, but we are cautiously optimistic that we've got these in the right spot and again, actively marketing the majority of our REO and being proactive on the watch list to have that cleared up before it becomes REO.

Richard Byrne

Matt, it's Rich. I just wanted to add. I think it, kind of, came across in the earlier remarks, but I just want to really want to underscore it, share buybacks are so accretive that it sort of changes your religion around defending book value marks and what you truly think assets are worth and sort of seeing through the stabilization of, sort of, the priced to perfection. And for us, if that means taking a little loss or something on where our basis is, that gets completely offset and then some by using any of those proceeds to go buy back shares at what they -- where they trade.

So it's given us a little bit of new religion around how we think about sales. And I think that will accelerate the pace. Brian's point is it's hard to do when the market when there's nothing going on. But if you have a little bit of price flexibility beyond what you've had in the past, it could help speed things up materially. So that's one way where we plan to keep our foot on the gas pedal.

Matthew Erdner

Right. That's helpful. I appreciate the color there, Rich and Brian. And then kind of as a follow-up to that, you mentioned kind of the investments on the REO side. Like are you willing to maybe move on from those? I know it was kind of a hold period there previously.

Brian Buffone

Go ahead, Jerry. Go ahead.

Jerome Baglien

Yes, I'll start. I'll let you chime in on the market there a little bit. But I would say it's an evaluation of what you can do with the capital today. Again, the same calculus applies in terms of the held for investment REO as the REO by less choice, if you will. And that's what can you do from a return perspective with that capital. So would we evaluate it? 100%, we're evaluating it. But you've got to weigh that with the same backdrop that Brian just mentioned, right, with valuation changes in the market, it's getting to a level there that makes more sense to repurpose that capital. With the stuff we have through foreclosure, I think that is less impactful from a return perspective, the yield it gives today.

One is potentially a drag. The other is just underdeployed, if you will, versus maybe a stock repurchase or a new investment today. So if you're thinking about prioritization, that's probably secondary to moving on the other stuff. But in terms of the high-level calculus, yes, you're correct. I think in an opportune exit, would it make sense to recycle out of some of that 100%?

Matthew Erdner

Got it. That makes sense. And then one last one for me, and then I'll hop out. Interest income kind of declined a good bit quarter-over-quarter. Was that just due largely to timing of when you guys pull some of these assets through?

Jerome Baglien

Yes, partially. I think there's a couple of things going on. You had some loans go to nonaccrual. That's sort of the watch list transition there. But we're also shrinking the book. I mean part of buying back shares is that the overall size of that portfolio is going to go down a little bit. So on a gross nominal basis, you should expect the loan portfolio has to decline because you've got to get the cash from somewhere and some of it comes from loans, some of it comes from the repurposing of REO. So the total nominal basis of our net interest margin or our gross interest, if you're looking at that, that will go down.

I think what we're trying to preserve is what is it on a per share basis because that functional amount is actually the focus. As you take down your equity, you're obviously going to take down your loan book, too. So the focus isn't really on that larger number, but what's the effective allocation of that number on a per share basis. That's really the better way to look at it on a go forward.

Operator

And our next question will come from Chris Muller with Citizens Capital Markets.

Chris, your line is a bit muffled?

Christopher Muller

Is that better?

Operator

Yes, we can hear you now.

Christopher Muller

So I guess on the specific reserves, can you guys just talk me through the drivers here? How many loans the new reserve is against? And I mean, the outlook for rates is higher now, but we've only had one rate hike materialize. So I guess what is driving the stress at this time?

Jerome Baglien

I can start with the stress and specifics. Maybe, Brian, you can jump in on some of these. But I mean, there's clear valuation moves in terms of how assets are valued from the end of second quarter to the end of third quarter, right? You had a pretty decent move in the 10-year, like Brian mentioned, that flows through to the cap rate that you're going to apply to the assets. So even all things being equal from a performance side, you should have a theoretical decline in asset valuations. But I think you also have a practical decline in market participation, and we've seen that through retrades on either stuff that we're financing or stuff that we've been selling or actively pursuing on other parts of our real estate business, the market is in flux. And I think when that's happening, it has a direct flow-through to valuation.

So in terms of how you're getting to specifics, those things are going to have specific impacts to the things that we're in the process of working out. So you're applying those market dynamics, which have moved over the course of the quarter to the assets that are in a distressed position where you're taking specific reserves.

Brian, I don't know if there's any one you want to point to specifically that maybe exemplify that, but that's kind of the broader reason we're seeing those changes.

Brian Buffone

I wouldn't say anything specifically. We're trying to be proactive on the risk rated 5s on our watch list. And so instead of waiting for a resolution and then taking a write-down at that time, we're trying to be open about it and upfront about it and show that in the quarters where we think that even prior to it becoming an REO, that there is a new valuation on that asset. And so I don't think anything -- any asset specifically, it's more just a -- I mean, we have taken, obviously, it on individual assets because it's a specific allowance.

But I just -- again, we're trying to be proactive and message to the market that here's where we are. And hopefully, we don't have additional surprises when -- if it becomes an REO position.

Christopher Muller

Got it. That makes a lot of sense. And then I guess, looking at your watch list, majority of the watch list loans are Texas and Arizona. Can you guys just give an update on what you're seeing in those markets? And are you still making new loans in those markets?

Brian Buffone

We are selectively. And so there are pockets of each of those markets, different MSAs in each of those markets that are actually fine, and we're starting to see some rent growth. And so we'll have strategic discussions internally on when and what markets to get back into. But you're -- a lot of these MSAs have been on headlines for being oversupplied and rent declines, and that's entirely true. But even in pockets of oversupplied markets, we are starting to see some fundamentals actually hit a turning point and an inflection point and come back to a little bit of market rent growth. And so we're constantly reviewing and strategizing about those markets.

And even in the markets that were generally oversupplied, and we don't need to go through the list. I think we're probably all familiar with them. There's still a fundamental population growth happening and in the foreseeable future, a lack of new supply coming online. And so we're getting close to a level where the absorption is starting to become a little bit more predictable. And then you get to a point in the next 12, 24, 36 months for sure that you don't have any new supply coming on the market.

And so we're really driven by and focused on underlying fundamentals in each market, focused on markets that are showing still strong population growth that will eventually move into these oversupplied properties. And then you've got a potential tailwind because of no new construction coming online. So those are the markets that we're focused on. Even in some of the oversupplied markets, the larger MSA within that market, you can still find pockets that make sense.

Operator

[Operator Instructions] Our next question will come from Timothy D'Agostino with B. Riley Securities.

Timothy D'Agostino

Just kind of thinking about different vintages. I noticed that there was two 2025s added to the watch list. And I believe there was one last quarter that was removed. I guess those 2 that were added, are those loan specific? Or are you starting to see anything in that 2025 vintage?

Brian Buffone

No, those were unique situations. So those were previous REO positions that we sold and then rewrote a loan to a borrower. And so those were REOs in 2025, sold in 2025, new loan put on, and then we're looking at that distress again. So there's still -- I would still qualify them as peak market loans from originally -- the original origination being in 2021, but then recycled and unfortunately now coming back.

Timothy D'Agostino

Okay. That's helpful color. And then just looking at the remaining core portfolio, especially within that risk rating 3, I guess, could you just provide maybe like a general temperature check of that $750 million of principal balance? Like what might -- what would you need to see happen in order for maybe the needle to move and you see some of those downgraded to 4? Just trying to get an understanding of that category of risk ratings.

Brian Buffone

I'll start, Jerry, if you want to add in. We run through our risk ratings in a very detailed meeting on a quarterly basis and have implemented weekly watch list discussions with senior management. And so the risk ratings that we're showing and putting out to the -- in these decks, we're very comfortable with those as we stand today. We're focused on continuing to monitor. And as a risk rating increases, that obviously demands an increased focus. But what you're seeing there today is a very true snapshot of where we view the portfolio as a whole. And so we're not expecting unless there's a change in the market overall or in the underlying business plans as we continue to monitor these assets and these loans, we're, again, true -- very true snapshot, and we're extremely focused on it, again, with monitoring on a larger basis quarterly and specifically as the loans increase into a 4 or 5 on a weekly basis.

Jerome Baglien

Yes. I think that's generally right. And I would say just to add a couple of things. We've been very active in the market, clearly with -- we mentioned we have a number of stuff in the sales process today. So I think we have a sense of liquidity in the market and sort of valuations where they are. So based on that information, we kind of run that through the risk rating process. So I think in the current market state, we're pretty comfortable with that. But just to be clear, I mean, borrower behavior is still idiosyncratic at times, maybe the nicest way to put it. And predicting all of that perfectly is just impossible.

So 3s are the ones where we see headwinds. And if you have complete failure of borrower behavior or a move in a particular market, I mean, that stuff can still change, and that's the stuff that we're keeping a close eye on. That's how I would categorize 3s, is stuff that you're still actively monitoring. And like Brian said, for us, that's a weekly occurrence to make sure we're ahead of all the stuff. I mean the other key part of this is you have to be extremely proactive, not just on your 4s and 5s, but everything that's at 3 and things that are maturing in the next year or 2 and trying to get ahead of all the potential issues that might be coming down the road. So it's not just it's point in time for risk rating, but it's very active from sort of the process that we manage that stuff day-to-day.

Operator

[Operator Instructions] Our next question will come from Gabe Poggi with Raymond James.

David Farnum

It's David Farnum on for Gabe. I wanted to touch on the NewPoint business, which had pretty healthy origination activity in the quarter. Can you talk to the cadence of how those volumes progressed? And is that momentum sustainable in the current higher interest rate environment? And then I think you mentioned the HUD business was stronger in the quarter. How much did that contribute?

Jerome Baglien

Happy to dive in there. If you mean cadence in terms of when things were originated throughout the quarter, I think the last month of the quarter was actually our busiest month. And I think some of that was people finally just deciding to transact with rates where they were at and just make a decision with the potential for things maybe running higher. And then there's always a little end of quarter rush regardless. So that's kind of how the origination shook out within the quarter.

In terms of volumes, yes, like I mentioned in the script, HUD was outsized for the quarter. I think it's a little bit larger than we would typically expect. Hard to predict how things will fall throughout the course of the year for any given product. But that one had a particularly good one. And I would say it was a pretty significant driver, particularly in the gain on sale portion of the business. HUD, just as a quick refresher, generally has a greater margin on sales. So having a bigger volume is going to drive a greater portion of our gain on sale income. So yes, that really helps kind of as a tailwind on our overall DE for that segment.

Operator

And this concludes our question-and-answer session. I'd like to turn the conference back over to Lindsey Crabbe for any closing remarks.

Lindsey Crabbe

We appreciate you joining us today. Please reach out if you have any further questions. Thanks, and have a great day.

Operator

The conference has now concluded. Thank you for attending today's presentation. You may now disconnect your lines.