Adamas Trust (ADAM) Cuộc họp công bố kết quả kinh doanh Quý 3/2026: Giá trị sổ sách giảm khi biến động RMBS gia tăng

Điểm tin chính

• Adamas Trust báo cáo lỗ thuần GAAP phân bổ cho cổ đông phổ thông trong quý 3/2026 là 171 triệu USD, tương đương 1,89 USD/cổ phiếu, do lãi suất tăng cao và chênh lệch lãi suất thế chấp mở rộng làm giảm giá trị hợp lý của danh mục đầu tư.
• Giá trị sổ sách điều chỉnh giảm 19,6% trong quý xuống còn 8,88 USD/cổ phiếu. Giá trị sổ sách GAAP đạt 7,93 USD/cổ phiếu phổ thông, trong khi hiệu suất đầu tư thực tế đạt âm 16,9% trên giá trị sổ sách điều chỉnh và âm 19% trên giá trị sổ sách GAAP, bao gồm cả cổ tức.
• Thu nhập khả dụng để phân phối (EAD) giữ ở mức 0,30 USD/cổ phiếu, tăng 25% so với cùng kỳ năm ngoái và bằng với mức cổ tức hàng quý. Đây là quý thứ bảy liên tiếp EAD đủ chi trả cổ tức cho cổ phiếu phổ thông.
• Công ty đã ghi nhận khoảng 472 triệu USD khoản lỗ chưa thực hiện trong danh mục đầu tư, chủ yếu từ RMBS cơ quan chính phủ và các khoản vay bất động sản dân cư. Các công cụ phái sinh của công ty tạo ra khoảng 299 triệu USD tiền lãi, bù đắp một phần cho mức giảm này.
• Thanh khoản tăng cường bất chấp biến động thị trường. Tiền mặt hiện có tăng 42% so với quý trước lên 259 triệu USD, trong khi tổng công suất thanh khoản dư thừa đạt 447 triệu USD.
• Ban lãnh đạo cho biết giá trị sổ sách điều chỉnh đã phục hồi khoảng 4% từ cuối quý đến ngày 26/10 khi biến động lãi suất hạ nhiệt và công ty đã giảm phần lớn vị thế bán khống TBA chiến thuật của mình.

Dữ liệu tài chính chính

Kết quả hoạt động kinh doanh và vận hành

Adamas Trust đã đầu tư gần 1,6 tỷ USD trong quý, bao gồm 1,2 tỷ USD vào tài sản cơ quan chính phủ và 395 triệu USD vào tín dụng bất động sản cho hộ gia đình đơn lẻ. Trong các khoản mua tín dụng bất động sản cho hộ gia đình đơn lẻ, 335 triệu USD được phân bổ cho tài sản cho thuê BPL.

Danh mục RMBS cơ quan chính phủ tạo ra 39,3 triệu USD thu nhập lãi thuần điều chỉnh, tăng 7% so với quý 2. Thu nhập lãi thuần điều chỉnh từ tín dụng bất động sản cho hộ gia đình đơn lẻ tăng 4% lên 21,3 triệu USD. Tuy nhiên, danh mục cơ quan chính phủ chiếm 78% mức giảm giá trị sổ sách điều chỉnh, với phần lớn tác động đến từ các khoản lỗ đánh giá lại theo giá thị trường.

Ban lãnh đạo cho rằng 36% mức giảm vị thế mua của chiến lược cơ quan chính phủ là do độ lồi và 32% là do khoảng cách kỳ hạn. Chênh lệch lãi suất trái phiếu coupon hiện hành cơ quan chính phủ so với trái phiếu Kho bạc Mỹ đã mở rộng từ 107 điểm cơ bản lên 125 điểm cơ bản trong quý.

Để hạn chế thêm tổn thất từ chênh lệch lãi suất và độ lồi, Adamas đã thiết lập vị thế bán khống TBA trị giá 2,9 tỷ USD, tương đương khoảng 23% tổng danh mục đầu tư và 37% các vị thế mua cơ quan chính phủ vào cuối quý. Khoản phòng hộ này đã đóng góp 0,29 USD/cổ phiếu vào giá trị sổ sách. Công ty không bán các trái phiếu tiền mặt cốt lõi và số dư nhóm tài sản xác định đã tăng từ 6,4 tỷ USD lên 6,9 tỷ USD.

Hiệu suất tín dụng tiếp tục ổn định. Trong mảng cho thuê BPL, tỷ lệ nợ quá hạn 60 ngày giảm 10 điểm cơ bản xuống 1,4%. Danh mục cho vay cầu nối BPL đã giảm 46% từ đầu năm đến nay do công ty tiếp tục quá trình thu hồi nợ có trật tự, trong khi các khoản đầu tư nợ thứ cấp bất động sản nhiều hộ gia đình ghi nhận tỷ lệ hoàn trả đạt mức 55% tính theo năm trong quý.

Constructive đã khởi tạo 406 triệu USD khoản vay, trong đó cho thuê BPL chiếm 84% sản lượng. Adamas đã mua lại 57% sản lượng đó. Constructive ghi nhận thu nhập từ ngân hàng thế chấp đạt 10,9 triệu USD, giảm từ 16,2 triệu USD trong quý 2, và lỗ độc lập khoảng 1,7 triệu USD.

Triển vọng từ Ban lãnh đạo

Ban lãnh đạo cho biết các cơ hội hiện tại trên khắp thị trường RMBS cơ quan chính phủ và tín dụng bất động sản dân cư mang lại lợi nhuận tiềm năng trong khoảng từ 15% đến gần 20% mà không cần phụ thuộc vào đòn bẩy quá mức hay sự phục hồi nhanh chóng của giá tài sản. Công ty kỳ vọng tài sản cơ quan chính phủ sẽ là kênh giải ngân vốn ban đầu vì vị thế rủi ro có thể được gia tăng nhanh chóng khi các vị thế bán khống TBA được dỡ bỏ.

Theo thời gian, ban lãnh đạo kỳ vọng việc phân bổ vốn sẽ trở nên cân bằng hơn giữa chiến lược cơ quan chính phủ và chiến lược tín dụng. Việc giải ngân vào mảng cho thuê BPL có thể mất nhiều thời gian hơn vì lãi suất thế chấp cao hơn có thể làm hạn chế khối lượng giao dịch thị trường trong quý 4.

Adamas đã giảm vị thế bán khống TBA khoảng 76% sau khi kết thúc quý, từ 2,9 tỷ USD xuống còn 680 triệu USD tính đến ngày 26/10. Công ty cũng đã tăng khoảng cách kỳ hạn của danh mục cơ quan chính phủ từ 0,3 năm vào cuối quý lên khoảng 0,6 năm. Ban lãnh đạo cho biết họ có kế hoạch điều chỉnh linh hoạt các vị thế bán khống TBA khi điều kiện thị trường thay đổi.

Công ty cũng dự kiến tỷ lệ đòn bẩy sẽ quay trở lại mức áp dụng trong các quý gần đây khi các vị thế bán khống TBA giảm xuống. Ban lãnh đạo nhấn mạnh rằng sự sụt giảm giá trị sổ sách trong quý 3 không ảnh hưởng đến các điều khoản cam kết tài chính hoặc lượng tiền mặt hiện có.

Rủi ro và các yếu tố cần theo dõi

• Lợi suất trái phiếu Kho bạc Mỹ kỳ hạn 10 năm đã tăng 82 điểm cơ bản trong quý 3 lên khoảng 5,29%, trong khi Chỉ số MOVE kết thúc quý ở mức gần 110. Việc lãi suất hoặc biến động tiếp tục tăng có thể gây áp lực trở lại lên định giá RMBS cơ quan chính phủ.
• Ban lãnh đạo cho biết một số yếu tố thúc đẩy đợt bán tháo trong tháng 9 vẫn chưa được giải quyết, bao gồm xung đột ở Iran, giá dầu ở mức cao và khả năng biến động xoay quanh cuộc bầu cử giữa kỳ.
• Độ lồi âm và sự kéo dài kỳ hạn là những yếu tố chính đóng góp vào mức giảm của danh mục cơ quan chính phủ. Mặc dù ban lãnh đạo tin rằng phần lớn rủi ro kéo dài kỳ hạn hiện đã được phản ánh vào giá, công ty vẫn tiếp tục duy trì khoảng cách kỳ hạn hẹp hơn so với thời điểm giữa quý 3.
• Constructive đã ghi nhận khoản dự phòng bổ sung 2,6 triệu USD liên quan đến một mối quan hệ người vay cũ riêng lẻ phát sinh từ các khoản vay được khởi tạo trước khi Adamas thâu tóm nền tảng này. Khoảng 1 triệu USD vẫn còn lại trong khoản giữ lại bồi thường thâu tóm liên quan.
• Khả năng sinh lời của Constructive vẫn nhạy cảm với sản lượng khởi tạo khoản vay, định giá khóa lãi suất, các khoản vay nắm giữ để bán và khả năng mở rộng quy mô hiệu quả của nền tảng.

Điểm nhấn phiên Hỏi & Đáp với các chuyên gia phân tích

Các chuyên gia phân tích tập trung vào thời điểm và việc dỡ bỏ các khoản phòng hộ TBA. Ban lãnh đạo cho biết phần lớn vị thế bán khống được thiết lập trong tháng 9, sau khi đợt bán tháo do lãi suất và biến động gia tăng. Sau đó, công ty đã đóng phần lớn vị thế vì lợi suất trái phiếu Kho bạc hạ nhiệt, Chỉ số MOVE giảm và áp lực bán tháo bắt buộc đối với MBS cơ quan chính phủ dường như đã dịu bớt.

Về công suất đòn bẩy, ban lãnh đạo cho biết việc giảm đòn bẩy có truy đòi của mảng cơ quan chính phủ từ 8,3 lần vào cuối quý 2 xuống 5,9 lần vào cuối quý 3 là một quyết định chủ động. Số dư tiền mặt cao hơn và thanh khoản dư thừa tạo dư địa để phục hồi vị thế rủi ro cơ quan chính phủ và tiếp tục đầu tư trên khắp các tài sản cơ quan chính phủ và tín dụng.

Về đợt chứng khoán hóa bất động sản cho thuê BPL vào tháng 10, ban lãnh đạo cho biết phần lớn mức tăng chi phí tài trợ phản ánh lãi suất cơ sở cao hơn. Chênh lệch tài trợ thuần của thương vụ là 159 điểm cơ bản và ban lãnh đạo cho biết thị trường chứng khoán hóa vẫn hoạt động bình thường.

Về khoản dự phòng mua lại của Constructive, ban lãnh đạo nhận định vấn đề này mang tính chất riêng lẻ đối với một mối quan hệ người vay cũ, thay vì là bằng chứng cho sự suy giảm rộng hơn ở các sản lượng hiện tại. Công ty cho biết họ đã trích lập dự phòng cho rủi ro này dựa trên thông tin hiện có.

Toàn văn biên bản cuộc họp báo cáo kết quả kinh doanh

Toàn văn cuộc gọi công bố kết quả kinh doanh

Phần trình bày của ban lãnh đạo

Operator

Good morning, ladies and gentlemen, and thank you for standing by. Welcome to the Adamas Trust Third Quarter 2026 Results Conference Call. [Operator Instructions] This conference is being recorded on Thursday, October 29, 2026. I would now like to turn the call over to Kristi Mussallem, Investor Relations. Please go ahead.

Kristi Mussallem

Good morning, and welcome to the Third Quarter 2026 Earnings Call for Adamas Trust. A press release and supplemental financial presentation with Adamas Trust Third Quarter 2026 results was released yesterday. Both the press release and supplemental financial presentation are available on the company's website at www.adamasreit.com. Additionally, we are hosting a live webcast of today's call, which you can access in the Events and Presentations section of the company's website. At this time, management would like me to inform you that certain statements made during this conference call, which are not historical, may be deemed forward-looking statements within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995.

Although Adamas Trust believes the expectations reflected in any forward-looking statements are based on reasonable assumptions, it can give no assurance that its expectations will be attained. Factors and risks that could cause actual results to differ materially from expectations are detailed in yesterday's press release and from time to time in the company's filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission. Now at this time, I would like to introduce Jason Serrano, Chief Executive Officer. Jason, please go ahead.

Jason Serrano

Good morning. Thank you for joining our third quarter earnings call. Joining me today for comments is President, Nick Mah, and CFO, Kristine Nario. The third quarter, particularly September, was marked by a sharp increase in interest rate volatility and widening mortgage spreads, creating one of the most challenging environments for agency mortgages in years. I want to briefly discuss the factors driving this quarter's market volatility, the actions we took, and why we believe Adamas Trust is well positioned to capitalize on the opportunities this environment has created.

Economic growth was strong in the quarter with employment staying firm and significant AI infrastructure investment adding to demand. Elevated energy prices from prolonged Iran conflict pushed inflation data higher, quickly changing the expected path of monetary policy. In September, the Fed raised the federal funds rate by 25 basis points, its first increase since 2023. And by quarter end, markets were pricing several more hikes into 2027. Rates moved accordingly.

The 10-year Treasury rose 82 basis points in the quarter, more than half of that in September alone, and ended at approximately 5.29%, the first time the 10-year closed above 5% since 2007. Rate volatility rose sharply as well with the MOVE Index ending the quarter at approximately 110, with commensurate widening of agency spreads. Against this backdrop and given how our portfolio was positioned, our adjusted book value ended at $8.88 per share in the third quarter, a decline of 19.6%. These are significant mark-to-market declines we witnessed in the quarter, albeit largely on an unrealized basis.

The declines were primarily related to price reductions on our Agency RMBS holdings. Despite a period of acute rate volatility, we did not liquidate any of these core assets. We preserved the potential for unrealized losses to be recaptured as the market normalizes. Let me walk through our activities. We ended the third quarter positioned to earn attractive income. We adjusted as conditions changed, and I want to highlight four main points. First, our liquidity got stronger while preserving our portfolio growth. We ended the quarter with $259 million of available cash, up 42% from the second quarter. Total excess liquidity capacity increased to $447 million.

As it relates to financing, the agency repo market continues to function efficiently with strong counterparty engagement and multiple attractive financing options available to the company. We own today the same high-quality prepayment protected collateral at lower prices across our Agency RMBS holdings. Entering the fourth quarter with elevated liquidity, we are well positioned to recover book value and increase earnings. Second, we added new risk management positions to protect book value. As volatility built through September, we established a strategic $2.9 billion short TBA position, primarily in coupons where we saw higher sensitivity to duration extension with incremental rate increases.

We ended the quarter with company economic recourse leverage of 4.8x and agency recourse leverage of 5.9x, giving us room to add risk exposure. With significant volatility, establishing TBA shorts was by design as volatility intensified in the back half of September and through early October. With tail risk receding, we significantly reduced our TBA short position since quarter end, consistent with our intended approach to manage that exposure. Third, our EAD continued to cover our dividend. Earnings available for distribution was $0.30 per share, up 25% year-over-year and in line with our quarterly dividend, which increased 11% this quarter. This marks the seventh consecutive quarter in which EAD per share has equaled or exceeded our common dividend.

Fourth, the book value decline was a valuation event, not a result of distress in our credit book. Credit performance in our residential loan portfolio remains solid. In BPL rental, our largest sector of credit exposure, 60-day delinquencies declined 10 basis points to a low level of 1.4%. Throughout the year, we have been focused on maintaining higher credit quality across our investments, including our origination channels. We have avoided niche and challenged sectors. The positive performance is a direct result of this deliberate action.

However, in the agency sector, as volatility increased in September, we saw a strong feedback loop forming where high rate volatility pushed spreads wider, wider spreads reduced demand, and this reduced demand pushed spreads even wider. Through September, we continued to add liquid TBA shorts with high average negative convexity risk profiles to protect value against future spread widening of agency bonds. By quarter end, the TBA short overlay totaled $2.9 billion. The larger overlay was tactical for short-term protection.

As we look for the market to normalize, our commitment to the agency business and its earnings power is unchanged as we see the underlying pools continue to generate attractive cash flows quarter-over-quarter. Thus, our goal was to restore our agency exposure by removing the TBA shorts on our balance sheet as we saw the relationship between valuations, volatility, and prospective returns improve. As such, early in October, we closed out of most of the TBA shorts. We believe this is a disciplined and economically rational way to manage shareholder capital.

The actions we took during and after the quarter have already started to see some retracement of third quarter book value decline. So far in the fourth quarter, company adjusted book value is up approximately 4% as of Monday, October 26, showing early indications of the portfolio's ability to recapture the third quarter declines as the markets normalize. We see the outlook for Agency RMBS and our portfolio to be positive. September repricing has created one of the most attractive entry levels we have seen in recent quarters.

Most of the extension risk that drove our third quarter marks lower has already been reflected in current pricing, improving the stability of our agency cash flows. Also, higher rate environments improved the technical picture of the agency bond somewhat. As an example, mortgage applications in October were down approximately 21% year-to-date through the third quarter according to the MBA, pointing to lower new issuance and a better supply-demand balance for agency securities. Combined with today's discounted valuations, we see real potential for spread stabilization.

Turning to earnings. Despite significant market volatility, EAD was $0.30 per share, consistent with the prior quarter and equal to our recently increased dividend. Importantly, agency adjusted net interest income grew to $39.3 million, up 7%, and single-family credit adjusted net interest income grew to $21.3 million, up 4% from the second quarter. The company's strong EAD profile speaks to the strength of our earnings base. That brings me to what I believe is an important development for Adamas.

The repricing of mortgage assets has meaningfully improved our investment opportunity set. Our $1.20 per share annual dividend represents approximately 13.5% of our September 30 adjusted book value. We see compelling investments exceeding this level in our core strategies with mid- to high-teens returns in the market today. This is without relying on aggressive leverage assumptions or a rapid recovery in asset prices. The pace at which they contribute to earnings and book value growth will depend on our capital allocation decisions and risk limits.

But the improvement is significant, and the same volatility that pressured the value of existing investments has raised the return available on our investment pipeline. We have deliberately maintained a liquid portfolio and substantial excess liquidity for several quarters. So Adamas Trust has financial flexibility to take advantage of market dislocations like this to drive future earnings. With that, I'll turn the call over to Nick.

Nicholas Mah

Thanks, Jason. The majority of the book value decline came from the agency portfolio and the positioning decisions we made there over several quarters. Ultimately, September's price action was unfavorable to those positions with a severity that we did not anticipate. In July and August, we executed on our plan of growing recurring income through portfolio expansion. We invested almost $1.6 billion in the quarter, our most active acquisition quarter of the year. This was split between $1.2 billion in agencies and $395 million in single-family credit. The majority of the single-family credit purchases at $335 million, was in BPL rental.

Our agency positioning heading into September rested on 2 intentional choices. The first was the coupon mix of our portfolio, and the second was duration. On coupon, our spec pool portfolio had an average coupon of approximately 5.5%. The agency portfolio was primarily concentrated within the higher coupons of the stack, where carry and net interest margin were attractive relative to the higher convexity risk. We also sought to mitigate this exposure through the prepayment protection embedded in our pools.

Second, on duration. The agency book, which represented 62% of the investment portfolio at the beginning of the third quarter, carried a duration gap of approximately 1.4 years midway through the third quarter, positioned to benefit from a decline in rates. September was a turning point in the market. We saw the convergence of 3 factors over a short period of time: a sharp move higher in rates, a surge in volatility, and spread widening. Over the quarter, agency current coupon spreads to Treasuries widened from 107 basis points to 125 basis points, nearly 3/4 of it in September.

September was the Bloomberg U.S. MBS Index's worst month and worst quarter since September of 2022. The agency portfolio accounted for 78% of the decline in adjusted book value, nearly all of it mark-to-market. Drilling into the performance of our agency strategy long positions, we estimate that convexity was the largest contributor to the decline, accounting for 36%, followed by the duration gap at 32%, with the remainder attributable to spread and portfolio changes.

Rising rates amplified the impact of negative convexity in our pools, while interest rate hedges offset only part of the move. Our credit and macro hedges also provided less book value protection this quarter than before when they helped offset first quarter volatility. As we went through the quarter, we took 2 actions to limit the portfolio's exposure to tail outcomes. The first was to reduce the agency duration gap, which was brought down to 0.3 years by quarter end. The second was establishing a TBA short to address the risk of more drastic spread and convexity losses.

We gradually put on the TBA short position in the quarter as we believed agency spreads still had room to widen while rates remained volatile. The TBA shorts also helped reduce the duration gap and tempered the negative convexity in the portfolio. The position performed as intended, contributing a positive $0.29 per share to book value in the quarter. At quarter end, the TBA short at $2.9 billion was sized at approximately 23% of our gross investment portfolio and 37% of our agency long portfolio. With an average coupon of 6.09%, it was meant to protect the book in the event of a further rate sell-off by concentrating exposure to the higher coupon agencies with greater convexity risk.

The short position helped manage our exposure through the most severe phase of the market move, which allowed us to remain fully invested on the long side. The TBA short was also structured to be a flexible and liquid risk management tool to allow us to adjust our position quickly as market risks evolve. It is important to highlight again that we did not sell any cash bonds, which kept the book value decline predominantly as unrealized. In fact, our spec pool balance grew from $6.4 billion to $6.9 billion. Since quarter end, we have been equally deliberate with the TBA short position being reduced almost 76% to $680 million as of October 26.

We have also widened the duration gap of the agency portfolio to around 0.6 years since quarter end. As rate volatility eased and the 10-year started retracing from its highs, we covered the majority of the TBA short, increasing the risk exposure in the pools that we own. The portfolio we own today is the one that we want to own for a recovery, now carried at more attractive prices. In residential credit, pricing reflected higher rates, while credit fundamentals remained stable. Non-QM AAA spreads widened from 130 to 150 basis points. We see a benign housing market with low transaction volumes with virtually all outstanding borrowers being out of the money to refinance at mortgage rates above 7%.

Securitization markets stayed open through the bond selloff with year-to-date non-agency issuance reaching approximately $203 billion by the end of September and over $210 billion by late October, albeit at wider spreads and the structure shifting in investors' favor. In this market, we remain highly confident in our credit strategy, which continues to emphasize high-quality borrowers and collateral. This is supported by the strong performance we see across our assets.

In BPL bridge, we continue to manage the orderly runoff of the portfolio, which has declined 46% year-to-date, while delinquent loan balances have remained roughly unchanged. Our multifamily mezzanine portfolio performance has been stable, while payoffs continue to occur at an annualized rate of 55% in the quarter. Capital released through the runoff of these noncore strategies will be redeployed into what we see as an even more attractive risk-adjusted return in the current market environment.

Also, the investor demand for our securitization program of BPL rental is clear evidence that our focus on high-quality credit and prepayment protection is attractive to institutional investors. Constructive demonstrated the strength of its origination model in a challenging quarter. It originated $406 million of loans with 84% of those originations in BPL rental. Adamas purchased 57% of Constructive's production in the quarter, giving us a proprietary source of assets. Importantly, though, all of Constructive's third quarter originations were subject to investor purchase arrangements within only a few days of the borrower rate lock, a loan sale strategy designed to help limit interest rate and pricing risk.

When rates rose sharply in September, Constructive continued to distribute its production efficiently. Because Constructive has continued to lend at competitive pricing while still steadily moving up its coupons alongside prevailing mortgage rates, we believe Constructive is well positioned to capture additional market share in BPL rental. I will now pass it over to Kristine to discuss our financials.

Kristine Nario

Thank you, Nick, and good morning, everyone. Jason and Nick have already discussed the market environment and the actions we took during the quarter. So I'll focus on the key drivers behind our third quarter financial results. For the third quarter, we reported GAAP net loss attributable to common stockholders of $171 million or $1.89 per share, primarily reflecting the impact of higher interest rates and wider spreads on the fair value of our investment portfolio. Supported by our recurring earnings, our Board increased the quarterly dividend to $0.30 per share, marking the seventh consecutive quarter that EAD has covered our dividend.

Adjusted book value per share was $8.88 and GAAP book value per common share was $7.93 as of September 30. Including the dividend, we generated a negative 19% economic return on GAAP book value and a negative 16.9% economic return on adjusted book value. Despite the significant market movements during the quarter, our investments continued to generate recurring income with adjusted net interest income increasing to $51.5 million from $50.3 million in the prior quarter. This was primarily driven by continued expansion of our Agency RMBS and BPL rental portfolios, partially offset by the runoff of higher-yielding BPL bridge and multifamily investments and additional interest expense from our corporate debt issuance.

Net interest spread was 140 basis points compared to 148 basis points in the second quarter, reflecting the continued shift in the composition of our portfolio. While these portfolio changes have moderated our overall asset yields, the growth in average interest-earning assets has continued to support higher adjusted net interest income. From a mark-to-market perspective, we recognized approximately $472 million of unrealized losses on our investment portfolio, primarily from Agency RMBS and residential loans. Our derivative portfolio partially offset these losses, generating approximately $299 million of gains, including $306 million of unrealized gains, primarily from interest rate swaps and short treasury future positions that benefited from higher interest rates.

Turning to Constructive. Mortgage banking income was $10.9 million compared to $16.2 million in the prior quarter. Direct loan origination costs declined to $4.2 million and direct G&A declined to $8.8 million, resulting in a stand-alone entity loss of approximately $1.7 million. Results were primarily impacted by lower origination volumes and changes in the fair value of interest rate lock commitments and loans held for sale due to higher quarter end rates, as well as an increase in reserves amounting to $2.6 million associated with an isolated legacy borrower relationship involving loans originated before our acquisition of Constructive.

The impact of these additional reserves was partially offset by approximately $1.5 million of income released from the indemnification holdback established at acquisition. We continue to focus on financing and operating efficiencies we discussed last quarter, which we believe will improve profitability as the platform scales. Total consolidated G&A declined to $24.3 million from $25.6 million in the second quarter, primarily reflecting lower compensation-related accruals and lower commission and profit sharing expenses at Constructive.

From a financing perspective, we continue to diversify our funding sources and strengthen our liquidity position. During the quarter, we issued $90 million of 9.6% senior unsecured notes due 2031, a $341 million BPL rental securitization, and a $115 million non-agency RMBS securitization. Subsequent to quarter end, we completed another BPL rental securitization, bringing approximately 98% of our BPL rental portfolio into longer-term nonrecourse financing that is not subject to mark-to-market margin calls.

We also ended the quarter with a stronger liquidity position. Available cash increased to $259 million from $182 million in the prior quarter, while total excess liquidity capacity increased to $447 million, including financing available on unencumbered and underlevered assets. Company and portfolio economic recourse leverage ratio ended the quarter at 4.8x and 4.4x, respectively, reflecting the impact of our TBA positioning during the quarter. This reduction in leverage provided additional capacity to increase investments, which we have begun to do since quarter end.

On the capital markets front, we utilized a renewed ATM program, issuing approximately 429,000 common shares at an average price of $10.18 per share, generating $4.3 million in net proceeds. The issuance was accretive to GAAP book value per share at the time of issuance and represents progress in our objective of accessing common equity at accretive valuations. We believe GAAP book value provides the appropriate reference point for evaluating equity issuance as capital raised above that level increases both GAAP and adjusted book value on an aggregate dollar basis as the adjustments between the 2 measures are unaffected by capital raising.

We will continue to use the ATM selectively as an additional source of flexibility to support long-term earnings growth and disciplined capital deployment. Overall, despite the significant market volatility during the quarter, we maintained EAD of $0.30 per share, continued to grow interest-earning assets and adjusted net interest income, and strengthened our liquidity and financing position. We remain focused on managing our portfolio through the current market environment while positioning the company to take advantage of attractive investment opportunities over time. That concludes our prepared remarks. Operator, please open the line for questions.

Operator

[Operator Instructions] Your first question comes from the line of Bose George with KBW.

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Francesco Labetti

This is Frank Labetti on for Bose. Helpful color on the book value decline in the prepared remarks, but I want to touch on maybe the timing on the decline. And can you quantify any decline happened before the TBA shorts were added? And then given that most of the shorts are now removed, how are you positioning the hedge book going forward to manage current rate and spread volatility?

Nicholas Mah

Sure. This is Nick. So third quarter was a volatile quarter. If you remember, there were periods of time in August. So July, there was somewhat of a sell-off. August, there was a little bit of reprieve. And then September was when a lot of things started moving. In terms of the timing of the TBA shorts, the majority of the TBA shorts were put on in the September time frame. However, through the third quarter, there was obviously rehedging of duration throughout that period of time. But we still -- as I mentioned earlier, we still maintain somewhat more of a duration gap going into September because we thought that a lot of the rate moves were going to be short-lived.

And surprisingly, a lot of technical forces also created what happened in September. Relating to the second part of your question, one of the reasons why we took off the TBA shorts is because we believe that the tail risk of outcomes in spread and convexity has significantly declined. We have seen the 10-year Treasuries moderate into this new trading range from the highs of 5.35%. Now we're trading around 5%. The MOVE Index showing volatility has also come down since quarter end, and forced selling by leveraged players in Agency MBS, which anecdotally has been more from the hedge fund community than REITs, have also dissipated since Q3.

The duration extensions are mostly behind us at this point, which should dampen pressure to sell or rehedge. And we're also on the supply side, also entering into a new phase of higher mortgage rates, which may keep originations low for the rest of the year. So several reasons why we took that off. However, we are still running a tighter duration gap than we were in the middle of Q3 for several reasons. There's been no real resolution to the Iran conflict. Oil is meaningfully higher today than it was at the end of Q3.

A lot of the factors that started the initial rate sell-off are still in play or unresolved at this point in time. And also, we have midterms on the horizon, which may introduce positive volatility. So we are still managing a lot of the risks using a combination of TBAs, as well as some of our macro and credit hedges. TBA shorts are still part of the portfolio today. They may increase or decrease depending on what the market gives us, but we intend to be dynamic in that respect.

Francesco Labetti

Okay. That's very helpful. And then just on capital deployment, given where spreads are today, how do you think of -- yes, where are you looking to deploy capital today? And how do you think about total leverage on the portfolio?

Nicholas Mah

Sure. As Jason mentioned, we see returns across our core strategies, whether it's in resi credit or in agencies, in the mid- to high-teens. So very attractive return profile overall. I think in terms of guidance in terms of allocation, I think one of the fastest ways the portfolio will grow initially will be through the agency channel. We have TBA shorts on. As we take them off, as we have been, the capital allocation to agencies will increase back to more normal levels. After that point, we see it roughly balanced through time. Obviously, some things I've mentioned earlier where the mortgage volumes may be challenged.

We're seeing that potentially in the broader BPL rental space happening in Q4. So it will take more time to deploy into BPL rental, even though we do see more attractive returns. So agencies is usually the first lever that we can pull in terms of allocation, but we do expect that to become more roughly balanced as we get into Q4.

Operator

Your next question comes from the line of Timothy D'Agostino with B. Riley Securities.

Jack Biggs

This is Jack Biggs filling in for Tim. The October BPL rental securitization was priced 67 bps wider than Q3. Is that primarily due to spread widening? Or did deal mix play any part in that widening?

Nicholas Mah

Yes. The supermajority of the differential is really with baseline rates. If you look at the average execution of that deal on a net financing spread perspective, it was 159 basis points, which is wider, but the bigger differential is really on the rate side. And the one thing I will say is that the securitization markets continue to be well functioning. The Adamas Trust shelf and issuance continues to execute more efficiently than the average deal. And we still get some benefit in terms of spread because of investor recognition of our program, our historical performance, and the prepayment protection that our loans offer.

Operator

Your next question comes from the line of Doug Harter with BTIG.

Douglas Harter

If you could just help us think through leverage and capacity on leverage. Clearly, 3Q and partial 4Q recovery, book value is down. Just how should we think about the capacity to maintain this size investment portfolio given that decline in book value?

Jason Serrano

This is Jason Serrano. We purposely took down our economic leverage in the quarter. As you see on the agency side, we left the second quarter at 8.3x. We ended the third quarter at 5.9x. And that was a purposeful reduction of risk that we saw going into that last week in September, where that feedback loop I described on my prepared remarks was intensifying. With the -- as Nick mentioned, with the pairing off of our TBA shorts, we do expect to take leverage back to levels we've been running for the last few quarters. And with that, normalizing the total size of our agency assets as well.

We have flexibility in our available cash, as I mentioned earlier as well, with the total cash balances increasing and total excess liquidity increasing in the quarter. We can continue on our path of allocating appropriately between the 2 asset classes. Nick mentioned, looking at credit with higher rates, we think our originator will pick up market share through some of the financial conditions that we're seeing with potentially other originators in the market.

So while the market shrinks slightly with higher rates, we think we can pick up a larger share of that over time, which is where we'll be focused on dedicating our capital on the credit side perspective. Overall, the reduction of book value was an unrealized event for the company, didn't affect any financial covenants or any cash balances that we have on our balance sheet that we can use to go forward and invest as we saw through our plan in the third quarter.

Douglas Harter

All right. I appreciate that. And then moving to the repurchase reserve that you took on legacy Constructive. You mentioned that was a one-off. Can you just help us understand what kind of what happened and what gives you comfort that that's truly a one-off?

Kristine Nario

Yes. It's Kristine. The increase in that repurchase reserve was really tied to a specific borrower relationship, legacy relationship, and these are loans originated before we acquired Constructive. And we really view this as an isolated legacy issue and not something that reflects the performance of Constructive's current production. And as part of that acquisition, we had established about a $2.5 million of indemnification holdback to cover these type of exposures.

And so we applied approximately, I guess, $1.5 million against that holdback during the quarter, leaving about $1 million remaining. So while repurchase obligations are a normal part of the origination business, we believe we've appropriately reserved for this particular exposure based on what we know today and what we're seeing, we're not seeing anything that suggests there's a broader issue with the business.

Operator

I'm showing no further questions at this time. And I would now like to turn it back to Jason Serrano for closing remarks.

Jason Serrano

Thank you for joining the call today. We look forward to sharing our Q4 results in the new year. Have a great day.

Operator

Thank you for your participation in today's conference. This does conclude the program, and you may now disconnect.